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Revolutionary War EQ: How did the American colonists

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Presentation on theme: "Revolutionary War EQ: How did the American colonists"— Presentation transcript:

1 Revolutionary War EQ: How did the American colonists
win the Revolutionary War?

2 Battle of Bunker Hill June 17th, 1775
Colonial militia fortified Breed’s Hill British took the hill but w/ 1,000 casualties

3 Second Continental Congress
Independence? Group divided regionally Asks colonies for troops and appoints G.W. as Commander in Chief of Continental Army Sent Olive Branch petition King dismissed, and agreed to Parliament’s Prohibitory Act All trade stopped

4 Enlightenment Ideas Influence Independence
17th-18th C: logic and reason can be used to improve society, law, gov’t Thomas Paine writes “Common Sense” based on enlightenment Ideas John Locke (17C) Social Contract Theory People are born with 3 natural rights: life, liberty, property Gov’ts job is to protect natural rights of the people When the gov’t does not protect rights, people have right to rebel

5 A Nation is Born On July 4, 1776 the Second Continental Congress approved the Declaration of Independence written mostly by Thomas Jefferson Announced colonies break with GB Jefferson used the ideas of Locke: 1) men possessed certain “inalienable rights” including life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness” 2) King George III passed unfair laws and taxed unfairly 3) Colonists had right to declare ind. because King broke social contract

6 Who were the Patriots? Mostly from N.E. , 40%
Reluctant to leave their own region so they served in local militia Shortage of supplies, poorly equipped, rarely paid America matched British promise of freedom 5,000 Af-Am fought as patriots

7 Who were the Loyalists? Members of same family would join dif. Sides
20-30% Named after Tory Party in Parliament Fought, supplied w/ arms + food, raided homes 80,000 loyalists emigrated after war Most gov’t officials and Anglican clergy were loyal to crown

8 Alliance with France After Battle of Saratoga - British were trying to cut America into 2 sections News of outcome persuaded France to join Louis XVI saw a chance to weaken his foe 1778 openly allied Sent $, gunpowder, & provided a navy Diverted British war effort

9 Victory Battle of Yorktown Cornwallis decided to focus energy in South
Washington surprised Cornwallis and defeated his army and made him surrender Parliament is tired of war

10 Treaty of Paris 1783 America granted independence
Mississippi River is western boundary Colonists must repay British merchants Loyalists must be treated as equal citizens

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