1. Ottoman and Mughal Empires
Emerging States
Ottoman and Mughal Empires

2. Ottoman Origins Started small originally nomads
Militaristic took control after Mongols
Used gunpowder new to Europe
Ended Byzantine Empire

3. Ottoman Empire (1300-1923) Began rule in 1453
Sultans= leaders
Muslim renamed Constantinople to Istanbul
Converted churches to mosques
Istanbul major trade center
Regulated by government

4. Ottoman Government Sultan figurehead, grew distant over time
Vizier political leader, more control than Sultan
Queen Mother mother of sultan, head advisor
Harem group close to Sultan, mostly women
Some political advisors, concubines
Most former slaves, non-Muslims

5. Ottoman Decline Empire reached peak in 1660s
Began decline because of size, corruption, and nobility’s isolation from society
Wasn’t able to keep up with Euro technology
Fast ships
Big military

6. Mughal Empire (1523-1700s) Came from Turkish origin
Re-established central government
Babur 1st leader in 1526
Akbar military ruler, grandson of Babur
Promoted unity religious, cultural
Created Divine Faith blend of Islam, Hinduism
New architecture Taj Mahal
Focus on Arts

7. Mughal Decline Aurangzeb seized throne Tax on all non-Muslims (jizya)
Re-established Muslim dominance
Wanted to spread Islam to all India
Tax on all non-Muslims (jizya)
Revolts from Muslims and Hindus to power
Foreign traders influenced region, took control of ports (Trading-Posts)