1. Effects of Exploration and Settlement in America and Europe
Level 1
Effects of Exploration and Settlement in America and Europe
For students using the basic note sheet from the lesson plan, have them use partner review for 30 seconds after each slide and then call on someone for a summary.
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2. Vocabulary Columbian Exchange: a global exchange of goods and ideas
Cultural Diffusion: spread of ideas and goods from one culture to another
Inflation: a rise in prices due to the increase of money available
Magna Carta: a constitution that granted rights and liberties to the English in 1512
Catholic: follower of the Roman Catholic church led by the Pope
Protestant: any Christian church that broke away from the Roman Catholic church during the Reformation or any descended from them
Encomienda System: a labor system consisting of tributes and slave labor of the Native Americans under Spanish control in New Spain
Absolute Monarchy: a monarchy that has no restrictions of power
Constitutional Monarchy: limited monarchy

3. Essential Question
What were the six major effects of European exploration?

4. Human-Induced Changes on the American Physical Environment
Beavers were almost wiped out of upstate NY
Beaver pelts were used for hats in Europe and were fashionable
Forests were cleared of lumber for farming, heating, fuel, buildings, fences, furniture, household and industrial goods (barrels, butter churns, etc.) and thousands of more items
Improved life in Europe because timber was scarce
Note: for one family, until the cast iron stove was invented, it took acres of woodland to heat them for one year!
Connect to self: Ask students how they heat their homes today and what they think they will use in the future.
Note: The historian John Opie notes: “[b]y 1850 Connecticut and
Rhode Island had consumed 70 percent of their forests; Massachusetts, 60 percent;
Vermont, 55 percent.”

5. Introduction of New diseases to the Human environment was Devastating
Smallpox
Influenza
Typhus
Measles
Malaria
Diphtheria
Whooping cough
Diseases wiped out entire Native American cultures
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6. New foods Improved Both European and Native American Health and Life Spans
(Columbian Exchange)
From Europe to the Americas
From the Americas to Europe
Onions
Olives
Turnips
Coffee beans
Peaches
Pears
Citrus fruits
Grapes
Bananas
Sugar cane
Honeybees
Grains: wheat, rice, barley, oats
Livestock: cattle, sheep, pigs, horses
Squash
Pumpkins
Sweet potatoes
Peppers
Tobacco
Turkeys
Pineapples
Cacao
Beans
Vanilla
Peanuts
Potatoes
Tomatoes
Corn
Info:
Connect to self: Ask students which of these foods is their favorite and why.

7. Colonial Population Growth Led to Unjust Acquisition of Native American Land
As the colonies populations grew, more land was needed
Indians were pushed off their land and were forced to invade other Indian’s territory which increased war between tribes
This cycle will continue for years to come

8. Political Changes in the Balance of Power in Europe and the Americas
England destroyed the Spanish Armada (navy) in 1588 in the English Channel and gave England supremacy of the sea
English took over New Netherland and eventually New France
Wars, many religious in nature between Protestants and Catholics in different nations, made England the dominant colonial power in the world
Critical thinking and enrichment: Ask students how governments today deal with economic issues and which ones are having difficulties with inflation.

9. Introduction of African Slaves into the Americas
New Spain:
The Encomienda System:
Slavery legal in New Spain
1542 outlawed enslaving Natives
Importation of slaves from Africa began in order to increase the labor force
Slaves worked in gold and silver mines, sugar plantations, and horse and sheep and cattle ranches

10. Review Questions
What were the six major effects of European exploration?
What impact did Europeans have on the physical environment?
What was the human impact of the explorations?
What was the Columbian Exchange? Give four examples of the exchange. Two from the Americas and two from Europe.
How did the balance of power in Europe change? Before and after 1588.