1. Discovery and Settlement of the New World, 1492-1650

2. In the dark of the night…America today

3. In the beginning… No human beings in the Americas until 15,000 BC
First humans crossed over land-bridge (Bering Strait)
Diffused southward all the way to Cape Horn
Sparse pop. leads to lack of large-scale societies

4. Tide of Migration

5. Diversity of Tribes Depended on environmental features
We classify tribes according to where they lived

6. Woodlands Native Americans

7. Plains Native Americans

8. Southwest Native Americans

9. Great Societies of the South
Aztecs
Incas
Mayas
These societies developed because pop. accumulated in one place, this never happened in North America

10. European Exploration Fueled by: New stronger nations Seeking Wealth
Nationalist Competition
Empire building
Religion

11. 3 G’s of Motivation
GOLD!!! GLORY!!! GOD!!!

12. Early Leaders Portugal
Prince Henry the Navigator explores coast of Africa
Dias and da Gama round Africa
Spain
Columbus seeks western route
Pope declares Line of Demarcation in New World

13. Line of Demarcation

14. Immediate Effects
By 1550, Spain had claimed much of the interior of NA and almost all of SA
Used native pop. as slave labor
Up to 95% of native pop. dies due to smallpox
Conquistadors
Cortes
Pizzaro
De Soto

15. Early English Exploration
Northwest passage to the Orient
Not much progress for 100 years
Charter Companies form
Mercantilism takes hold
Success of state important, not citizens
Import wealth from overseas

16. Jamestown After Roanoke disaster, Jamestown established 1607
Jamestown meets disaster repeatedly in first years
Order restored through discipline
Rolfe kick-starts tobacco industry, colony grows

17. Jamestown

18. William Bradford’s Landing

19. New England Bradford & the Puritans settle at Plymouth
Mass. Bay Co. follows and settles over present day MA and NH
Boston becomes capital of colony
Co. becomes a gov’t
Winthrop: “city upon a hill”

20. Native American Population in North America

21. North America
No cities to loot or large pop. to convert, Spain focuses on SA (Catholic tradition
Other European nations fill the void in NA (typically Protestant
Dutch, French, and English make claims

22. Map of New World

23. Map of New World

24. Outcomes of Early Settlement
Little profit for investors
Miserable existences for inhabitants
Conflict over land claims with natives

25. Three Worlds Collide
Eastern NA suddenly find themselves besieged by Europeans
Europeans get “room to grow”
Africans used as human capital by Europeans