1. There’s no hug like an APHuG!
APHG UNIT III
CULTURE

5. Where are folk and popular leisure activities distributed?
CHAPTER 4 Key Issues
Where are folk and popular leisure activities distributed?
Where are folk and population material culture distributed?
Why is access to folk and popular culture unequal?
Why do folk and popular culture face sustainability challenges?

6. Where are Folk and Popular Activities Distributed?
CHAPTER 4 KEY ISSUE 1
Where are Folk and Popular Activities Distributed?

7. the body of material traits, customary beliefs, and social norms that defines the distinct tradition of a people.

8. Difference between habit and custom.
A Habit is a repetitive act performed by an individual.

9. A Custom is a repetitive act performed by a group.

10. Customs Include:
Behavior
Clothing
Music
Food
Sports…

11. Two major categories of CUSTOMS-
1.) Daily necessities
2.) Leisure Activities

12. DAILY NECESSITIES

13. DAILY NECESSITIES

14. LEISURE ACTIVITES

15. LEISURE ACTIVITIES

16. Folk and Popular Culture

17. FOLK culture is STATIC and is practiced in more isolated places and by relatively homogenous groups

18. POPULAR culture is DYNAMIC and is found in larger and more heterogeneous places

19. ORIGINS of FOLK CULTURE
Anonymous hearths
Multiple hearths, acting independently
Anonymous sources
Unknown dates
Unidentified originators
Oral origin stories

20. ORIGINS of POPULAR CULTURE
Product of developed countries
Typically North American or European
Origin usually traceable to specific party in a particular place

21. DIFFUSION of FOLK CULTURE
Smaller scale and slower transmissions from one location to another primarily through relocation diffusion (migration)

22. DIFFUSION of POPULAR CULTURE
Tends to be transmitted by way of hierarchical diffusion
Diffuses rapidly and extensively from hearths or nodes of innovation with help of modern communications

23. HEARTHS of Popular Culture
TECHNOLOGY-
‘Silicon Valley’
MUSIC-
Motown (soul), Nashville (country), urban centers (hip hop)
MOVIES-
Hollywood, Bollywood
FASHION-
NYC, Paris, London, LA

24. DISTRIBUTION of FOLK CULTURE
Combination of local physical and cultural factors influence distinctive distributions.
Isolation from other cultures because of physical barriers —e.g., distance and mountain ranges
Religion

25. DISTRIBUTION of POPULAR CULTURE
Widely distributed across many countries with little regard for physical factors
Principal obstacle to access is lack of income to purchase the material (technology, fashion, etc)

27. FOLK and POPULAR MUSIC

28. FOLK MUSIC Originates anonymously Transmitted orally
Content of songs centers on events in daily life that are familiar to the majority of people.
Life-Cycle events
E.g., birth, death, or marriage
Environmental features
E.g., agriculture or climate

29. Like other folk artifacts, folk music is STATIC, relatively unchanging over time.

30. POPULAR MUSIC
Music written by specific individuals with the intent of being…
Sold
Performed in front of a paying audience
Often displays a high degree of technical skill or refinement
Musicians often have strong connections with other similar musicians that may span the globe.

32. Popular music is highly DYNAMIC, changing and shifting rapidly along with cultural preferences.

33. Folk and Popular SPORTS

34. Sports originated as isolated folk customs and diffused like other folk culture via relocation diffusion.

35. Some sports have diffused more widely than others

36. …But none has diffused as widely as SOCCER, the world’s most popular sport

37. ORIGINS of SOCCER SOCCER was invented in the 11th century in ENGLAND.
A colorful ORIGIN STORY accounts for its creation
Different versions of the game were played in different towns/cities
Over time, the game became more standardized and popular in England

38. ORIGINS of SOCCER
During the Industrial Rev’n, factories would form teams to play other factories. This became extremely popular.
In 1863, the first LEAGUE is formed, and the rules were standardized for the first time.
People begin to PAY to watch games- and athletes get PAID

39. SPREAD of SOCCER
Travelers to England, and those in contact with English travelers, hear about or play the sport. Dutch students bring it to Continental Europe in the 1870s; Spanish miners start playing in the 1880s.
Soccer is spread worldwide by empires, especially the BRITISH EMPIRE.

40. Today, soccer is by far the most widely dispersed sport in the world
Today, soccer is by far the most widely dispersed sport in the world. Though some regions dominate, it has reached nearly every corner of the globe.
FIGURE 4-12 GLOBAL SPORTS: WORLD CUP Most countries in Europe and Latin America have qualified for the World Cup finals. As soccer diffuses worldwide, qualification has increased in other regions.

41. OLYMPIC SPORTS

42. OLYMPIC SPORTS To qualify as an Olympic event, a sport must:
Be widely played in at least 75 countries, AND
Be played in countries on 4 continents
There are currently 28 Olympic events
NEITHER of the two most popular sports in the USA are played in the Olympics
American Football
Baseball

43. REGIONAL SPORTS
CRICKET is played in many former British colonies, including countries in the Caribbean, India, and Australia.

44. FIGURE 4-14 CRICKET Boys play cricket in Katni, India.

45. REGIONAL SPORTS
WUSHU is a form or martial arts; it is the most popular sport in China. Millions pay to see matches or choreographed performances.

46. REGIONAL SPORTS
RUGBY was adapted from early SOCCER in 1823 when a player in RUGBY, ENGLAND picked up the ball and ran; the crowd loved it.
Today, Rugby is played in former British colonies, like Cricket.
The sport is most popular in AUSTRALIA and NEW ZEALAND, though its popularity in the US is growing rapidly.