1. Matter: A substance that has mass and volume (takes up space).
What is Matter?
Matter: A substance that has mass and volume (takes up space).

3. Matter is Made up of Atoms
Center is the nucleus: contains protons (positive charge) and neutrons (no charge)
Electrons (negative charge) orbit the outside of the nucleus
Atoms are neutral (no charge)

4. Atom The smallest basic unit of matter Atoms are extremely small.
1 tsp of water = 500,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 atoms
5 x 10 23
500 sextillion

5. Molecules
Molecules are made up of more than one atom. (they can be the same or different types)

6. PHASES OF MATTER Matter can exist as 4 different phases or states.
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Plasma
All living and non-living things are made of matter!

7. States of Matter

8. SOLID Atoms vibrate, has a definite volume, and a definite shape.
Examples:
Rocks
Desk
Apple

9. LIQUID
Atoms are flowing, has a definite volume, but no definite shape.
Water
Blood
Milk

10. GAS
Atoms spaced and move independently, has no definite volume, and no definite shape.
Air (mixture of different gases)
Water Vapor (water in a gas form)

11. Plasma Extremely hot temperatures
Atoms have lost or gained electrons; which gives them a charge and makes them ions
Sun and Stars are in a plasma state

12. WAYS TO MEASURE MATTER Mass – the amount of matter in an object.
Measured in grams (g) and kilograms (kg)
Volume – The amount of space an object takes up.
Liquids: measured in milliliters (mL) and liters (L)
Solids: measured in cm3
1mL=1cm3

13. Is There a Difference between Mass and Weight?
YES!!!
Mass: the amount of matter in an object.
When you measure mass you are comparing a standard unit amount to the item.
The standard unit used to measure mass is kg and g
Weight: the amount of gravitational pull acting on an object
Spring scale (measuring Newtons) and pounds

14. Example of Mass and Weight Difference
If you are on Earth and then on the Moon your mass would measure the same.
Your weight would change because the gravitational pull is different in the two locations
Earth
Mass same
Weight larger
Moon
Weight smaller

15. Remember IFSMU I: Identify Variables F: Formula
S: Substitute variables (#’s) into formula
M: Do the math
U: Add the correct units.
IF SMU (If you) do your math problems this way you will get points
IF SMU don’t … you won’t

16. Volume Measurements Volume Formula
Volume= length ● width ● height (V=lwh)
Example: A box has the length of 40 cm, width of 3 cm , and the height of 2 cm. Find the volume

17. Volume Identify (I): l=40cm, w=3cm, h= 2cm,v=? Formula (F):V=lwh
Substitute (S):V=(40cm)(3cm)(2cm)
Math (M):V=240
Units (U): Volume= 240 cm3

18. Volume by Displacement ( Works with objects that fit into your measuring container)
Add water to a graduated cylinder
Write down the initial volume in mL
Submerge irregular shaped object into cylinder
Measure new water level in mL
Subtract the initial water level (smaller #) from the final water level (larger #)
Convert mL to cm3 1mL=1cm3

19. CHANGES IN MATTER
Matter will change phases when heat is added or lost. These changes are physical changes
Melting: solid to a liquid (heat is added)
Sublimation: solid to a gas (heat is added)
Deposition: gas to a solid (heat is lost)
Freezing: liquid to a solid (heat is lost)
Condensation: gas to a liquid (heat is lost)
Ionization: gas to plasma (extreme heat is added)