1. Ayinde, O. E., Abdoulaye, T., Takim, F. O. and Oloyede, A. O.
Economic Analysis of On-Farm Trial of Drought Tolerant Maize in Southern Guinea Savannah Agro-Ecological Zone of Nigeria: Women Perspective By
Ayinde, O. E., Abdoulaye, T., Takim, F. O. and Oloyede, A. O.  

2. Drought is one of the most costly threats to agriculture
INTRODUCTION
Drought is one of the most costly threats to agriculture
Drought tolerant (DT) maize varieties stabilize maize yields in the DT-prone ecologies
Women are a key part of the mainstream in agriculture, yet they face formidable obstacles
Evaluation of the maize variety preference is necessary and important in order to meet farmers need.

3. Paying attention to women’s needs and voices in the selection of maize varieties, will make it possible to meet their needs.
Little is known about the type of agricultural innovation women farmers prefer and adopt.
Furthermore, little is known about the profitability of the women farmers’ production

4. OBJECTIVE Establish women groups
Actively promote the use/testing of improved DTM by women group
Evaluate preferences DTM within the group

5. Methodology
STUDY AREA: Southern Guinea Savannah Zone, Nigeria. This includes: Kwara, Niger and Kogi States
SAMPLING PROCEDURE: Two Stage Sampling Procedure
First Stage: Eight Farmers group
Second Stage: 10 women farmers from each group
Primary data was used for the study
With the use of
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6. Analytical techniques
Descriptive Analysis: This includes the use of frequency, averages, mode and mean
Ranking Method: This used 3- Likert scale for the preference scores.

7. FORMATION OF WOMEN GROUP
Several meetings were held with the women group in the selected villages. Eight villages were selected namely
ARANDUN
ISANLU ISIN
BALLAH
LAJIKI
OMUPO
MOKWA
KISHI

8. TRAINING OF MEMBERS ON DTMA AND ON FARM TRIAL

9. LAYOUT OF PLOT FOR WOMEN GROUP
Dimensions of the plots allocated to the women were 10m by 10m because the project was new

10. Establishment of On-farm trials

11. MONITORING OF ON FARM TRIALS
On farm trials were monitored regularly.

12. Collection of Agronomic and Yield Data

13. FIELD DAYS

14. Field Day
Women present during the field day celebration

15. Socio Economic Characteristic of Women Farmer
RESULTS
Socio Economic Characteristic of Women Farmer
Variables
Percentage
Mean
Age (30-49 years) 50 43
Marital status (Married) 95
Education (No formal education) 10
Farm Size (1-5 hectares)
100
1.92 (hectares)

16. Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Ballah
RESULTS
Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Ballah
Variety
Low
Preference (1)
Medium Preference (2)
High Preference (3)
Rank
TZEEI 95 x TZZEE 58 2 3 5
2nd
TZEEI 81 x TZZEE 95 8
1st
FARMER VARIETY 4 1
3rd

17. Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Lajiki
RESULTS
Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Lajiki
Variety
Low
Preference (1)
Medium Preference (2)
High Preference (3)
Rank
TZEEI 95 x TZZEE 58 1 2 7
1st
TZEEI 81 x TZZEE 95 3 5
2nd
FARMER VARIETY 9
3rd

18. Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Arandun
RESULTS
Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Arandun
Variety
Low
Preference (1)
Medium Preference (2)
High Preference (3)
Rank
EVDT 99 2 8
1st
99TZEE-Y-STR 3 5
2nd
FARMER VARIETY 4 1
3rd

19. Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Omupo
RESULTS
Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Omupo
Variety
Low
Preference (1)
Medium Preference (2)
High Preference (3)
Rank
IWDC3 SYN x 21 White DT STR SYN-DT C1 1 9
1st
TZ COMP/ ZDPSYN 2 7
2nd
FARMER VARIETY 6
3rd

20. Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Isanlu-Isin
RESULTS
Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Isanlu-Isin
Variety
Low
Preference (1)
Medium Preference (2)
High Preference (3)
Rank
IWDC3 SYN x 21 White DT STR SYN-DT C1 2 8
1st
TZ COMP/ ZDPSYN 1 3 6
2nd
FARMER VARIETY 7
3rd

21. Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Mokwa
RESULTS
Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Mokwa
Variety
Low
Preference (1)
Medium Preference (2)
High Preference (3)
Rank
2013 TZE-W DT STR 2 18
1st
2011 TZE-W DT STR SYN 4 14
2nd
FARMER VARIETY 12
3rd

22. Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Kishi
RESULTS
Women Farmer variety Preference Result for Kishi
Variety
Low
Preference (1)
Medium Preference (2)
High Preference (3)
Rank
IWDC3 SYN x 21 White DT STR SYN-DT C1 1 9
1st
2013 DTE STR-W SYN 2 7
2nd
FARMER VARIETY 6
3rd

23. RESULTS
Economic Analysis of the On-farm Demonstration of Women Farmer Group
Village
Variety
Yield (kg/ ha)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
Return to Investment
Lajiki
Farmer
1,560
982
797
27,000
10000
36800
70200
44190
35865
33400
7390
-935
0.908
0.201 -
Ballah
936
1,539
730
9270
36270
42120
69255
32850
5850
32985
-3420
0.161
0.909

24. RESULTS
Economic Analysis of the On-farm Demonstration of Women Farmer Group
Village
Variety
Yield (kg/ ha)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
Return to Investment
Arandun
Farmer
2,460
2,649
1,281
27,000
11000
38000
110700
119205
57645
72500
81005
19445
1.898
2.121
0.509
Omupo
IWDC3 SYN x 21White DT STR SYN-DT C1
TZ COMP/ ZDPSYN
Farmer
2,630
2,549
1,021
11600
38600
118350
114705
45945
79650
76005
7245
2.058
1.964
0.187
*Family labour cost was not assigned cost but similar labour time was used on each variety.

25. RESULTS
Economic Analysis of the On-farm Demonstration of Women Farmer Group
Village
Variety
Yield (kg/ ha)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
Return to Investment
Isaanlu Isin
IWDC3 SYN x 21White DT STR SYN-DT C1
TZ COMP/ ZDPSYN
Farmer
2,630
2,549
1,021
27,000
11600
38600
118350
114705
45945
79750
76105
7945
2.066
1.972
0.205
Mokwa
2013 TZE-W DT STR TZE-W DT STR SYN Farmer Variety
3,460
 3,649
 2,281
 27,000
11000
 11000
38000
 38000
155700
 156105
 102645
117700
118105
 64645
3.097
 3.108
 1.701

26. RESULTS
Economic Analysis of the On-farm Demonstration of Women Farmer Group
Village
Variety
Yield (kg/ ha)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
(Naira)
Return to Investment
Kishi
2013 DTE STR- W SYN IWD C3 SYN/DT SYN- 1-W Farmer Variety
4, 804
4. 100
2,280
27,000
11000
38000
216180
184500
102600
178180
146500
64600
4.689
3.855
1.7
*Family labour cost was not assigned cost but similar labour time was used on each variety.

27. CONCLUSION
It is evident that women farmers can be an instruments of effective adoption
It is possible to conceive an integrated innovation in which women interest will be considered
Considering the complex nature of agricultural research demands, coordinated effort is needed among all actors in order to ensure that appropriate technology is promoted.

28. RECOMMENDATION
Women farmers should be encouraged through increased access to agricultural inputs and innovations. This will increase the profitability of their production.
Efforts should be made to involve women farmers in the varietal selection procedure so as to facilitate easy adoption of the drought tolerant maize.
Women farmers’ needs and preferences should be incorporated in the development of agricultural innovations.

29. RECOMMENDATION
Women are more concerned with the food security of their family and hence programmes and policies should not exclude female farmers.
Supply of inputs of the innovative facilities should be evenly distributed among genders in order to achieve sustainable agricultural innovation and development.

30. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The fund for this project was provided by Mellinda and Bill Gates through the DTMA Project coordinated by International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan is appreciated

31. THANK YOU