1. Introduction to Hydrology
Freshwater

2. The Chemical Properties of H2O
Hydrogen end of molecule has (+) charge
Oxygen end has a (-) charge
Water is polar

3. Atomic Structure of H2O

4. Phase Change
When water makes a physical phase change its molecules arrange themselves in distinctly different patterns.

6. The Hydrologic Cycle

7. Steps in the Water Cycle
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Percolation: Movement of water through pores in soil
Infiltration: Downward movement of H2O in the ground due to gravity.

9. Usable Freshwater Surface Water
97% of water on Earth is unsafe to drink.
Freshwater = 3%.
20% of all freshwater is in one lake, Lake Baikal in Asia.
Another 20% is stored in the Great Lakes

10. Ground Water Water stored in the ground = aquifer.
Most groundwater comes from precipitation that infiltrates downward.
Takes long periods of time to restock water supply.

11. Icecaps, Glaciers, and inland Seas
Glaciers and ice caps are small % of all water on the Earth, but large % of the world's total freshwater.
Almost 90 percent, of Earth's ice mass is in Antarctica.
Greenland ice cap = 10% of total global ice.