1. Ch. 3: Classical Greece and the Hellenistic Period
Study Questions

2. Featured Works The Parthenon Philosophies of Plato and Aristotle Sophocles’ Antigone Other Important Works Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War Plays of Aeschylus and Euripides covered in class Polykleitos’ The Canon Laocoon sculpture
Terms
Classical Ideal
Polis
Entablature, pediment, frieze, caryatids
Presocratics
Platonism, The Academy
Aristotelianism, The Lyceum
Dionysus, trilogy, chorus, hamartia
Amphitheater, skene, orkestra
Hellenistic

3. Overview
Out of political conflict, an emphasis on Order, Balance, and Understanding of existence. Concurrent with greater emphasis on human as social being.

4. Subsequently, and as the Peloponnesian War went on (431-404 B
Subsequently, and as the Peloponnesian War went on ( B.C), an emphasis on Freedom, Emotion, and the Individual Peception.
These emphases and concerns were expressed in the philosophy and arts . . .

5. Classical Greece, early 5th C. B.C. (pp.57-66)
What was the Classical Ideal?
How did democracy relate to this ideal?
How did Thucydides History of the Peloponnesian War express that ideal?

6. Drama What was the occasion and setting for the plays?
Explain how the works of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides demonstrate the changes described in the Overview Above.

7. The Furies and Apollo Aeschylus’ Orestia

8. Antigone, Polynices, and Ismene

9. Philosophy
When and where did Plato and Aristotle teach, and how did they know each other?
After our class meeting, you should be able to explain the contrast between Platonism and Aristotelianism and how each reflects the Classical Ideal.

10. Classical Sculpture
How does Polykleitos’ The Canon express the Classical Ideal?
Contrast the sculptures shown in 3.6, 3.8, and 3.16 with the Kouros (c. 530 B.C.E.), p. 42, figure 2.8.
What sculpture from the Temple of Zeus is shown in 3.12 and what is its theme?
How did sculpture tend to change during the war?

11. Parts of a Temple
An Ionic order entablature A. cornice B. frieze C. architrave D. entablature

12. The Parthenon Also see figures 3.13, 3.15, 3.16 in your book.
When was this temple built?
In what ways does it express
the Classical Ideal? Consider its purpose
and design in answering this question.
Visit and to learn more about the Parthenon.

13. Hellenistic Period
What libraries and visual arts were important to keeping Greek culture alive during this period?
Why was the change in sponsorship of the arts important, and what kinds of architecture became more significant expressions of artistic values?
How did the architecture at Pergamum and the Laocoon sculpture reflect those values?