1. By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
Baroque,
Rococo,
&
Neo-Classicism
By: Ms. Susan M. Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

2. Baroque
Art &
Architecture

3. Baroque
1600 – 1750
From a Portuguese word “barocca”, meaning “a pearl of irregular shape”
Implies strangeness, irregularity, and extravagance
The more dramatic, the better!

4. Architecture by Gialorenzo Bernini
St. Peter’s Basiclica, Vatican City

5. Sculpture by Gialorenzo Bernini
The Ecstasy of St. Theresa of Avila

6. Painting by Caravaggio
David and Goliath
St. Francis in Ecstasy
The Flagellation of Christ

7. Painting by Peter Paul Rubens “The Lamentation”
“The Battle of the Amazons”
“The Elevation of the Cross”

8. A Baroque Room

9. Art by Jan Steen “Girl with a Pearl Earring”
“The Burgher of Delft & His Daughter”
“The Leiden Baker & His Wife”

10. “Sampling Officials of the Drapers Guild”
Art by Rembrandt
“Anatomy Lecture of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp”
“Sampling Officials of the Drapers Guild”

11. Rococo
Art

12. Rococo
Derived from the French word, rocaille, or pebbles, referring to the stones & shells used to decorate the interior of caves
Complex compositions
Ornateness and fussy details.

13. Rococo
1715 – 1774
Centered in France --> associated with Louis XV. [also Germany and Italy]
A backlash to the darkness of the Baroque --> less formal & grandiose
Eventually replaced by Neo-Classicism, the artistic style of the American & French Revolutions

14. Painting by Jean-Antoine Watteau
“The French Theater”
Painting by Jean-Antoine Watteau
“The Pleasures of Life”
“The Marriage Contract”

15. Jean Honoré Fragonard
“The Stolen Kiss”
“The Swing”

16. Origins of
Neo-Classical
Art

17. 1. Excavations of the Ruins of Italian Cities
Pompeii in 1748
Herculaneum in 1738

18. 2. Publication of Books on Antiquity
James Stuart & Nicholas Revert Antiquities in Athens:

19. Overview of Neo-Classicism
Art produced in Europe and North America from the mid-18c to the early 19c.
More than just an antique revival  a reaction against the surviving Baroque & Rococo styles.
Linked to contemporary political events:
Revolutions established republics in France and in America. [Neo-Classicism was adapted as the official art style].
Association with the democracy of Greece and the republicanism of Rome.
Napoleon  used the style for propaganda.

20. 3. Arrival of the Elgin Marbles
Thomas Bruce, 7th Lord of Elgin British Museum, 1806
From the top façade of the Parthenon in Athens

21. 4. Johann Winckelmann’s Artists Circle
Artists should “imitate” the timeless, ideal forms of the classical world
A circle of international artists gathered about him in the 1760s in Rome
German art historian

22. Characteristics of Neo-Classicism
Return to the perceived “purity” of the arts of Rome.
Model the “ideal” of the ancient Greek arts and, to a lesser, extent, 16c Renaissance classicism.
A conviction that there is a permanent, universal way things are (and should be), which obviously entails fundamental political and ethical commitments.
Sometimes considered anti-modern or even reactionary.

23. Decorative Arts, Sculpture,
Neo-Classical
Painting,
Decorative Arts, Sculpture,
&
Architecture

24. Painting by Jacques-Louis David
“The Consecration of Napoleon & Josephine”
Painting by Jacques-Louis David
“The Death of Socrates”
“The Oath of the Horatii”

25. Decorative Arts by Robert Adam
Syon House The Red Salon
Scottish architect & designer
Syon House 1760s

26. Neo-Classical Sculpture
Profoundly influenced by ancient art since the Renaissance
Neo-Classical sculptors avoided the dramatic twisting poses and colored marble surfaces characteristic of late Baroque and Rococo sculpture.
They preferred:
Crisp contours.
A noble stillness.
Idealized white marble forms.

27. The “Empire Style”Charles Percier & Pierre François Léonard Fontaine
Napoleon’s official architects
They remade Paris in the intimidating opulence of Roman imperial architectural style

28. Furniture The furniture designs used Greco-Roman motifs
Became known as style étrusque [“Etruscan style”] in France
Were favored by the court of Louis XV and later by Napoleon I

29. Josiah Wedgwood
Greek vases found in excavations became models for this new type of ceramics

30. Neo-Classicism Continued Into the 19c and Beyond…
Buckingham Palace, London
Brandenburg Gate, Berlin
By the mid-19s, several European cities were transformed into veritable museums of Neo-Classical architecture