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NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF MANAGEMENT
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ENVIRONMENT BUSINESS MANAGEMENT
CHAPTER IV
SOCIETY
PREPARED BY SAY PUNNAREAY, MBA

2. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AS INTEGRATION
Technology
Environment
Environment
Industrial
Ecology
Industrial
Ecology
SOCIETY
Economy
Business
 Environmental
Management
Politics
Industrial
Ecology

3. 1. WHY DOES SOCIETY PLAY THE CENTRAL ROLE?
 Environmental equity is the core of sustainable development
- Resource allocation
- Responsibility and action
- Mobilization for change
- Society shapes quantitative and qualitative demand on environment.
Business has to respond and adapt its influence

4. 2. FOUNDATION DEFINITIONS
 Society: large scale (national, city); interaction based on shared values and beliefs, but indirect and legal relationships.
 Community: small scale (village, town, church, team, company); interaction based on shared values and beliefs, but more intimate and informal.

5.  The ozone layer  Global warming  Ocean fisheries  Desertification
THE THREAT
Overshoot: going beyond a limit without intending to.
Resources (sources): over-exploitation
Pollution sink: exceeding assimilation capacity
 The ozone layer
 Global warming
 Ocean fisheries
 Desertification
 Population

7. 3. WHAT EXPLAINS THE CONSTANT RISE IN CONSUMPTION?
Conventional Economist
 People have an unlimited capacity to consume; economy depends on it.  People can rationally choose among alternative purchases within their income and will do so.  Increasing propensity to save with increase in income, but  Increase in private consumption tracks increase in GDP (as countries develop)

8. Needs, Opportunity-Ability Model of Consumer Behavior
Technology Economy Demography Institutions Culture
Needs Relations, development, comfort, pleasure, work, health, privacy, money, status, safety, nature, control, leisure-time, justice
Opportunity availability, information, prices, shops
Ability Financial, time, spatial, cognitive, physical
Motivation
Behavioral Control
Intention
Consumer Behavior
Consequences: quality of life, environmental quality

9. 4. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND POLITICAL PARTIES
 Formal organizations with committed and paid participants  Local to global concerns and organization  Different strategies and politics: demonstrations to collaboration  Impacts on government, business and public policy and behavior  Environmental NGOs balanced by other NGOs and business associations.

10. 5. SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITIES
 Local agenda 21: thousands of villages, towns, cities and regions implementing sustainability programs.
 Activities include: recycling programs, buildings, energy, habitat restoration, product design, water quality, etc.
 Indicators for feedback on progress
 Global community needed