1. Reconstruction of France
PSIR205

2. The Reconstruction of France
Political organization:
A policy of constitutional monarchy
In economics unregulated freedom
In religion, anticlericalism
Aristocrats and middle-class elite united: social quality and extensive democracy was undermined

3. Active and passive citizens:
Citizens who pay taxes could vote
Property requirements to be elected as a member of the legislature
(Only out of 25 million could qualify as an elector or as a members of the Legislative Assembly)
Political power was transferred from aristocratic wealth to all forms of propertied wealth in the nation

4. Olympe de Gouge’s declaration of the rights of woman
Departments replaces provinces

5. Economic Policy Workers’ organizations forbidden
Confiscation of Church lands
Assignats, or government bonds

6. The Civil Constitution of the Clergy
The confiscation of church lands required an ecclesiastical reconstruction: transforming the Roman Catholic Church in France into a branch of the secular state.
Bishops and pastors became the salaried employees of the state.
The Assembly dissolved all religious order in France, except those that cared for the sick or ran schools

7. All clergy had to take an oath to support the Civil Constitution
Those members of the clergy who refused t take an oath was designated as ‘refractory’.
Pope Pius VI condemned the Civil Constitution of the Clergy and the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen: against the revolution and liberalism

8. Counterrevolutionary activity
16000 left France: émigrés
Flight to Varennes: (June 20, 1791)
Declaration of Pillnitz: Austria and Prussia agreed to intervene in France to protect the royal family

9. The End of the Monarchy: A Second Revolution
Emergence of Jacobins
The influence of Girondins in the Assembly
The war on Austria (April 20, 1792)
Paris Commune experience

10. The Convention and the Sans-Culottes
The September Massacres:
Paris Communes executed or murdered about people
A call for universal suffrage and new assembly to write a new constitution. New assembly was called Convention an met on September 21, 1792.
The Convention declared France a republic: nation governed by an elected assembly without a monarch

11. Goals of the Sans-culottes:
Shopkeepers, artisans, wage earners sought for immediate relief from food shortages and rising prices through price controls