1. Electronics Part 4 Electrical Components

2. VOCABULARY FOR THIS LESSON
Electrical Component Names
Components Electrical Symbols
Electrical Components Functions
See component inventory charts on next slides

3. Electrical Components in your Kit – Use the chart on the next two slides to check that you have all of your components in your kit.

6. Wiring Diagram
A drawing meant to depict the electrical arrangement of the wires and the components they connect is called artwork or layout, physical design, or wiring diagram. Circuit diagrams are used for the design (circuit design), construction (such as PCB layout), and maintenance of electrical and electronic equipment.

8. Breadboard/Solderless Circuit
The Breadboard allows you to build electronic circuits without having to solder parts together.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

9. Jumper Wires
Used to connect components on your breadboard to make the circuits.

10. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Power Source
Battery stores electrical energy. The battery will have a positive & a negative terminal. In some circuits the ground is connected to the ground/body of the device.
Example - in an automobile the ground is connected to the frame/body of the vehicle.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

11. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Mechanical Switches
There are many types of mechanical switches.
This is a on/off switch.
It holds the circuit open(OFF) or closed(ON).
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

12. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Mechanical Switches
This is a momentary switch.
On/off switch. It holds the circuit open and only closes the circuit while being held depressed.
Limit Switch is just another type/name for a momentary switch
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

13. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Mechanical Switches
This is a two way switch.
On/On switch. It holds the circuit closed in one of two circuit paths.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

14. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Mechanical Switches
This is a three way switch.
On/off/on switch. It holds the circuit closed in one of two circuit paths and closed in the other. Or, it opens both circuits at once.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

15. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Fixed Resistors
It resists current flow.
Reduces electrical current.
Color coded see chart below
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

16. Fixed Resistors
Different physical sizes have different wattage ratings.

17. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Potentiometer
Variable Resistor, as the wiper are moves across the resistive material it increases the length and therefore the resistance of the circuit.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

18. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Rheostat
Variable Resistor, as the wiper are moves across the resistive material (a coil of wire) it increases the length and therefore the resistance of the circuit.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

19. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Photocell
This is a variable resistor / semiconductor that changes it’s resistance with the changing volumes of photons hitting its surface.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

20. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Capacitors
This is a device that stores energy, a temporary battery.
There are different types.
This is a Ceramic Capacitor.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

21. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Capacitors
This is a Electrolytic Capacitor.
Danger! – Some capacitors have voltages that can shock and/or even kill.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

22. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Diode
One Way check valve.
It only allows power to flow in one direction and stops it flowing the other way.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

23. Light Emitting Diode (LED)
This is a one way check valve/that also emits light.
It only allows electrical current to flow in one direction.
Arrow shows the direction of current flow.
Note: LED’s in your kit cannot handle 9V, don’t hook them straight to battery!
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

24. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Transistor (PNP & NPN)
It allows current to flow through it only after a small positive charge is applied at it’s gate.
Used to amplify a circuit.
Can store a (BIT) of data on/off, a 1 or a 0. So, enough transistors assembled together can create processor/memory.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

25. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
555 TIMER (IC CHIP)
Integrated Circuit (IC) – several components formed together on a silicon wafer: Transistor, Diodes, Resistors, Capacitors, and Etc.
555 Timer very simple IC chip.
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

26. Silicone Controlled Rectifier (SCR)
It is a Diode that can be turned off via a input signal on the third wire.
So, Input a + charge on the third leg and the diode stops being a diode!
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

27. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
Speaker
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Produces sound waves when a variable electric current is passed through it. It is type of “Linear Motor” that actuates the air.
Made up of many component parts:
Electrical wiring diagram symbol

28. Electrical wiring diagram symbol
ELECTRIC MOTOR
Uses electric magnets and stationary magnets to turn electrical energy into rotational mechanical energy.
Note: motors in your kit are 3V, don’t hook straight to 9V battery!
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Electrical wiring diagram symbol

29. ELECTRIC MOTOR
There are many types and configurations of electric motors.
All are going to have rotating magnet(s) and a shaft called a the Armature/Rotor.
Stationary magnet(s) Stator.
There are brushless types, however the one in your kit has brushes.

30. VOCABULARY FOR THIS LESSON
Electrical Component Names
Components Electrical Symbols
Electrical Components Functions
See component inventory charts on next slides