1. Advanced Imaging

2. Panoramic Imaging
Since the near-field image width limited by width of transducer, difficult to obtain a wide view of shallow structures
Transducer moved along patient's anatomy
Multiple images blended to form single long image with wide field of view
Uses cross-correlation techniques to compare consecutive images, rotating and stitching them together to form final image.

3. Spatial Compound Imaging
Combines multiple lines of sight
Sound beam steered to set of predetermined angles, typically within 20 degrees from perpendicular.
Form single composite image at real-time frame rates.
Benefits
Reduction of angle-dependent artifacts
Improved image quality through reduced speckle

4. Elastography A method to assess the mechanical properties of tissue
Stress applied to tissue
Displacement measured using ultrasound
Strain (compression)
Most common technique
Allows real-time visualisation of elastographic map on monitor

5. Anistropy Effect that makes a tendon appear
bright when it runs 90o to sound beam
dark when the angle is changed.
At very smooth boundaries, angle of reflection & incidence equal
Similar to mirror
Probe only receives reflected sound if beam strikes surface at 90o