1. Improved radio data analysis with LOPES Katrin Link, for the LOPES Collaboration
#0404, ICRC 2011, Beijing

2. LOPES LOFAR Prototype Station Located at KIT, Germany,
integrated within KASCADE-Grande
KASCADE-Grande provides trigger and shower information
Energy range: ~1017 to 1018 eV
Frequency range: MHz
Inverted V-shaped dipole east/west or north/south aligned
Now LOPES 3D setup
→ Poster #0321 by D. Huber
Between 10 and 30 antennas
Interferometric analysis
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

3.
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

4. Interferometry Beamforming Calculate geometrical time delay
So far: spherical waveform
→ Talk #0313 F. G. Schröder
Align traces of all antennas
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

5. Interferometry Beamforming Calculate geometrical time delay
So far: spherical waveform
→ Talk #0313 F. G. Schröder
Align traces of all antennas
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

6. Interferometry Cross-correlation Calculate cross-correlation
Block-averaging (3 samples)
Iterative procedure to find maximum
Higher signal to noise ratio
Included in standard analysis pipeline
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

7. Data & simulations Compare data and REAS3 simulations
REAS3 → Talk #0149 by M. Ludwig
So far:
Simulation: EW/NS component of E-field for each antenna
Data: reconstructed E-field of EW/NS aligned antenna
No detector effects included, only measured bandwidth of the experiment
No comparison of CC-beam
Now:
Full LOPES detector simulation available
Use LOPES analysis pipeline also for REAS3 simulations
Comparison based on CC-beam and reconstructed E-field
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

8. Detector simulation Generate binary LOPES file from REAS simulation
Simulated gain pattern
Response of analog chain e.g. from filter, cables and amplifier
Optional:
Add narrowband signal
Add broadband noise, using typical noise traces measured by LOPES
500 ns
20 ns
output of REAS3
after detector simulation
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

9. First investigations - data and simulations
with noise
Simulation
with noise
Az: 294.3°
Ze: 37.78°
20 μV/m/MHz
Energy: eV,
Azimuth: 294.4°,
Zenith: 37.85°
LOPES
LOPES
Az: 294.5°
Ze: 38.07°
20 μV/m/MHz
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

10. First investigations - reconstruction
Compare lateral distribution:
Red: simulated east/west-component of field strength for each antenna
Blue: Reconstructed field strength for east/west aligned antennas
→ Most of the events are correct reconstructed,
detailed analysis will follow
EW-component of REAS3
Reconstructed with LOPES pipeline
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

11. Reconstruction of arrival direction
Angle Ω between simulated and reconstructed arrival direction
CCheight > 1 μV/m/MHz
Maybe biased due to selected starting point for direction reconstruction
Simulation
w/o noise with noise
# events
# events
RMS EW 0,2464
RMS NS 0,1077
RMS EW 0,5327
RMS NS 0,7794
Ω in °
Ω in °
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT

12. Conclusion & outlook
Full detector simulation for REAS simulations available
Investigations of single events show good results
Reconstructed arrival direction within 1° from input direction
More sophisticated comparison of data and simulation possible
Previous analysis based on CC-beam can be verified with simulations
Accuracy of standard analysis pipeline can be tested
Capability of radio detection technique will be investigated
Thank you
Institut für Experimentelle Kernphysik, KIT