1. Reduction in Smog Forming Emissions
E-REVs produce significantly less smog forming emissions in real-world driving than conventional vehicle or PHEV equivalents
Reduced cold-start emissions on E-REVs and PHEVs not yet accounted for in EPA smog score
One possible method for comprehending this into an updated smog score system is to use a Smog Multiplier that weights cold start and running emissions respectively
Engine Start Avoidance (ESA, eTrip-based) Utility Factor
Electric Utilization (EU, eVMT-based) Utility Factor
Reduction in Smog Forming Emissions
Smog Multiplier = 0.25(1-UFESA) (1-UFEU)