1. Isomerism and Functional Groups
Use the “molymod” kit to make the following:
All the chain structural isomers (ie straight and branched structures) of
propane (1 isomer)
butane (2 isomers)
pentane (3 isomers)
Write a semi-displayed structural formulae and give the IUPAC name for each isomer.

2. Functional Groups aldehyde O CH3CH2CH2C butanal H O ketone
CH3CH2CCH2CH3 O
ketone
pentan-3-one

3. Functional Groups CH3 carboxylic acid O CH3CHCH2COH
CH3
carboxylic acid
3-methylbutanoic acid
CH3CH2C O
OCH2CH3
ester
ethylpropanoate

4. Functional groups
alcohol
alkene
ester
ketone
carboxylic acid

5. carboxylic acid
ester
ether
aldehyde
amine
nitrile

6. Epoxyethane General reaction for addition across epoxyethane: H2C CH2
+ ROH
ROCH2CH2OH
with excess ROH RO H
RO H
ROH
H2C CH2 O
H2C CH2 O
R is H
i.e.HOH water
or alkyl R
i.e.ROH alcohol

7. Hydrogen bromide Electrophilic addition of HBr to trans but-2-ene: H C
CH3 H C
CH3 H C +
carbocation + - Br H Br -
CH3 H C Br
2-bromobutane

8. Last slide