1. U.S. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE
CA7

2. OBJECTIVES
Describe types of chemical warfare agents stored in your vicinity
Describe what nerve and blister agents are and what they look like
CA8

3. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE
Comprised of chemicals designed and produced for the sole purpose of warfare
Nerve agents and blister agents
Edgewood Chemical Activity, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
CA9

4. CHEMICAL STOCKPILE LOCATIONS
CSEPP
CHEMICAL STOCKPILE LOCATIONS
Umatilla Chemical Depot (UMCD)
Hermiston, OR
Newport Chemical Depot (NECD)
Newport, IN WA IL
Edgewood Chemical
Activity (ECA)
Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
Deseret Chemical
Depot (DCD)
Tooele, UT
Blue Grass Chemical Activity (BGCA)
Richmond, KY
Pueblo Chemical Depot (PUCD)
Pueblo, CO
Pine Bluff Chemical
Activity (PBCA)
Pine Bluff, AR
Anniston Chemical Activity (ANCA)
Anniston, AL
Storage Facilities States with Storage Facilities Impacted States
CA10

5. U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORY
CSEPP
U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORY
CA11

6. U.S. STOCKPILE INVENTORY AS OF AUGUST 1999
Blue Grass 2.0%
Deseret 39.4%
Anniston 8.4%
Umatilla 13.9%
Edgewood 6.0%
Johnston Atoll 1.3%
Pueblo 9.8%
Newport 4.8%
Pine Bluff 14.4%
CA12

7. US STOCKPILE INVENTORY
Deseret Chemical Depot stockpile incineration began August 1996
Approximately 22.7% of stockpile stored at Deseret successfully destroyed (as of August 1999)
Deseret Chemical Depot, Tooele, UT
CA13

8. STORAGE CONTAINERS
CA14

9. STORAGE FACILITIES Chemical agents are stored in
concrete igloos
metal storage buildings
outdoor storage yards
In restricted access areas
Entire area surrounded by security fences and equipped with appropriate security devices
Blue Grass Chemical Activity, Richmond, KY
CA15

10. IGLOOS
Chemical munitions containing explosives must be stored in concrete structures called “igloos”
Igloos have 2 ft of earth covering all sides except a front wall of reinforced concrete
Earth cover designed to reduce spread of fragments and fire in unlikely event of an accident within igloo
Umatilla Chemical Depot, Hermiston, OR
CA16

11. EXCEPTION OF EXPLOSIVE STORAGE
Deseret Chemical Depot stores aerial spray tanks in metal structures
These spray tanks have small amounts of explosive devices stored in a container attached to outside of metal shipping and storage container
CA17

12. METAL STORAGE BUILDINGS
Bulk containers of agent without explosives stored in metal storage buildings
Bulk containers of VX stored in metal storage buildings at Newport Chemical Depot
Bulk containers of HD stored in metal storage buildings at Umatilla Chemical Depot
Newport Chemical Depot, Newport, IN
CA18

13. OUTDOOR STORAGE YARDS
Bulk containers of blister agents may be stored in outdoor storage yards surrounded by a security fence
Bulk H and HD blister agent stored outside at:
Pine Bluff Chemical Depot
Edgewood Chemical Activity
Deseret Chemical Depot
Deseret Chemical Depot also has Lewisite stored outside
Edgewood Chemical Activity, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD
CA19

14. TYPES OF AGENTS
CA20

15. NERVE AGENTS BLISTER AGENTSGA GB VX
BLISTER AGENTS H HD HT L
CA21

16. GA GB VX NERVE AGENTS Attack body’s nervous system
Scientific classification: Organophosphate
organophosphates also include agricultural insecticides malathion and parathion
CA22

17. SPECIFIC NAMES Symbol Common name Referred to as VX VX VX
GB Sarin GB or G-agent
GA* Tabun GA or G-agent
*Small amount stored at Deseret Chemical Depot
CA23

18. NERVE AGENT PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Usually liquid in normal state
Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated
Potential for release if in vapor or aerosol form
All nerve agents currently in liquid form
Most distinguishable factors are physical consistency and color
CA24

19. VX Oily liquid; resembles light weight oil
Usually a pale amber color (colorless in pure form)
Odorless
Tasteless
Persistent; designed to cling to whatever it splatters on
persistence is weather-dependent
CA25

20. G-AGENTS GB is usually colorless, watery in pure form
GA may be pale to dark amber
GB has almost no odor
GB is tasteless
GB volatilizes at lower temperature than VX
GB evaporates more rapidly than VX but less than water
CA26

21. BLISTER AGENTS (VESICANTS)H HD HT L
BLISTER AGENTS (VESICANTS)
Poisons that destroy individual cells
Blisters most noticeable effect from exposure
Includes sulfur mustard and Lewisite
CA27

22. SPECIFIC NAMES Symbol Common name Referred to as
H, HD, HT Sulfur mustard H, HD, HT
L* Lewisite Lewisite
*Small amount stored at Deseret Chemical Depot
CA28

23. SULFUR MUSTARD PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Mustard-garlic-like smell
Liquid or solid form in normal state
Becomes volatile and generates vapors if heated
burns well once ignited
Pale amber brown color in liquid form
Colorless gas when vaporized
Laboratory bottle of sulfur mustard
CA29

24. LEWISITE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Amber to brown liquid
colorless when pure
About 10 times more volatile than sulfur mustard
Irritating, fruity or geranium-like odor
little odor when pure
Persistent
More dangerous as liquid than as vapor
CA30