1. Correlated Environment Representation for the JLVC
John Holdzkom, Steve Lowe
Modeling & Simulation Division
Atmospheric & Environmental Research, Inc.
Suffolk, VA
Mark Webb
ASNE Liaison to JFCOM
Dynamics Research Corp.
Suffolk, VA
Usual introduction.
2009 Fall Simulation Interoperability Workshop

2. EDCSS Program Environmental Data Cube Support System
Tri-MSEA (Air & Space, Ocean, Terrain) initiative to ensure consistent and coupled environment representations available to DoD M&S
Focus is on ensuring support to large programs that will benefit the most
JFCOM Training Exercises and Experimentation Events
Navy FST/NCTE, CAF DMO, Army FCS simulation programs
Existing capabilities are the result of OSD / Service investment via the M&S CO (
All technology is US DoD owned and delivered open-source for maximum reuse

3. Technology Overview Environmental Scenario Generator (ESG)
Identifies historical scenarios that provide relevant conditions
Provides DATA (Integrated Environment Representation)
Environmental Data Cube Support System (EDCSS)
Generate suite of PRODUCTS from I.E.R.
Efficient runtime DISTRIBUTION and INJECT of data and effects
Common Open Services for Integrated Natural Environment (COSINE)
Framework, common to ESG and EDCSS

4. Outline JLVC Overview Environment Representation in JLVC
Consumers (Federates) and Products
Environmental Data Cube Support System (EDCSS)
Overview / Architecture / Components
Requirements Model
EDCSS Support of 2009 COCOM training events
Summary

5. Joint Live Virtual Constructive (JLVC) Federation
Service Combat Simulations
JCATS
USA, USMC, SOCOM
Linkages to
Live Systems/
Forces
AWSIM
USAF
JSAF
Navy, IADS
Intelligence
JLOD
Wrap-around
Non-Kinetic Effects
ASTi Radios
Voice Comms
NWARS-NG
ACE-IOS
TACSIM
MDST
Sensors including
National Assets
SIMPLE
USA
BFTT
Navy
Range
Integration
JIDPS
USA
JDLM
LOGSIM
SNN
JSAF: Joint Semi Automated Forces – Navy entity-based simulation
JCATS: Joint Conflict and Tactical Simulation – USMC and SOF entity-based simulation
DBST/JCATS: Digital Battlestaff Sustainment Trainer – Army suite of simulations based around JCATS as the maneuver simulation
EADSIM: Extended Air Defense Simulation
FIRESIM:
TUAV:
AWSIM: Air Warfare Simulation – Air Force aggregate level simulation
JQUAD: A suite of intelligence models. MC02 is using two of the components
JOISIM: Joint Operations Information Simulation
JCAS: Joint Command and Control Attack Simulation
DICE: Distributed Interactive Constructive Environment – Models Red IADS
CATT: Command and Control Analysis and Targeting Tool – Models Red IADS C2 infrastructure and links
JSIMS CE: Civil Environment – National infrastructure effects analysis model
VSTARS: Virtual JSTARS
NWARS: National Wargaming System – national intelligence sensors playing at the collateral level
SLAMEM: Simulation of the Location and Attack of Mobile Enemy Missiles – national sensors
JDAARS
TUAV
UAV
AAR
&
Federation
Tools
HLA Results
V B-52
USAF
V JSTARS
JSTARS
DVTE
USMC
Logistics
V MH-53
SOCOM
TENCAP MUSE
USA
BCST
USA
SSE
SOCOM
V AC-130U
SOCOM
EP-3 MAST
Navy
Virtual Simulators

6. Simulated Operational Products
EDCSS Event Support
Simulated Operational Products
(C4ISR)
EDCSS
Event
Support
Training Audience
White Cell
Simulation Domain
Situational
Awareness
GoogleEarth
NWARS-NG
Targeting
Mobility
CBRNE
Acoustic Detection
IR Targeting
MISREP Reports
Base Weather
ISR Collections

7. Environment in JCATS
JCATS (Joint Conflict and Tactical Simulation; Army)
Weather CSV populates JCATS environment scenario object; weather icon displayed at each cell
Influences mobility, visual and sensor acquisition
Effects CBRNE plumes (direction and shape)
Default weather: globally uniform; operator-adjustable

8. Environment in JSAF JSAF (Joint Semi-Automated Forces; Navy)
Takes ocean and atmosphere data from HLA
JBUS (EDC plugin) reads GRIB, publishes to HLA
Ocean 2D, 3D and Atmospheric 2D fields
Utilized for ATLOS sound speed calculations
Default weather: globally uniform, operator-adjustable

9. Environment in AFMSTT
AFMSTT (Air Force Modeling and Simulation Training Toolkit)
Weather effects Air-to-Ground Targeting
AWSIM
IR Hypercube to determine Probability of Detection
Weather CSV provides weather at simulated air bases
GIAC displays weather overlay (KML) in Google Earth
ACE-IOS participates through AWSIM (impacts MISREPs)
Default weather: none
GIAC: Graphical Interface Aggregate Control
ACE-IOS: Air and Space Collaborative Environment Information Operations Suite

10. Environment in NWARS
NWARS-NG (National War-gaming Simulation – Next Generation; Intel community)
Weather CSV data impacts satellite collection
Cloud cover influences targeting priority
Cloud cover degrades collection success
Default: no cloud cover

11. Environment Products JLVC Weather CSV files GRIB Data files
Common meteorological parameters on 1x1o grid, 6-hourly
Content (parameters & levels) agreed-upon standard for JLVC
Includes “present weather” code that encapsulates current conditions (e.g., sunny, cloudy, thunderstorms)
Consumers: AWSIM, JCATS, NWARS-NG
GRIB Data files
Binary data encoded to WMO standard
“Styles” to mimic operational forecast products (AFWA, JSAF, GFS)
Consumers: JSAF

12. Environment Products (2)
IR Effect Hypercubes
Pre-computed sensor performance in given environment
Pd = f (Sensor, Target, Background, Weather, Tactics)
Packaged into n-dimensional hypercube; easy lookup (API)
Consumers: AWSIM
Graphics overlays
“Forecaster” graphics
mimic AF Operational Weather Squadron products
PNG and KML formats
Satellite and RADAR imagery
Physics-based cloud and precipitation imagery
PNG, KML, NITF, TIF formats
“Present Weather” graphics
TV-style weather icons (conditions/temp) overlay on map
Consumers: White Cell, others (manual adjudication)

13. EDCSS Concept Definition Environmental Data Cube Support System
National Repositories
DATA & MODELS
Project Definition
Scenario Search
Simulation
Integrated Environment
Representation Production
Terrain
Ocean
Atmos
Space
White Cell or Analyst
Product Generation
EDC is “consumer” oriented, in contrast to data providers
Goal is common, consistent environment to all training event participants
Distribution
COP (C4ISR)
Integration 13 13 13

14. EDC Production Site
Manage Environment Requirements from Consumer perspective (not producer)
Automate generation of products from Integrated Environment Representation

15. EDCSS Requirements Data Model
Project
Where
When
Who *
Components
JCATS
AWSIM
White Cell
JET
AWSIM *
Data
Effects
IR Hypercube
Products
Available Increments
Spatial Resolution/Projection
Generation Service
JLVC CSV
This is the EDCSS requirements model. At the lowest level Environment Representation Products are defined
that have an application specific definition of content, representation, and format, and which are bound to a
generating service for production. This mechanism allows the specification and generation of products to be
encapsulated as a simple entry in the EDCSS production database, which can then be logically associated with
components and projects. Components are a generic concept for defining users of one or more products.
A component can be a specific application or user, or a group (or class) of users that desire to receive a specific
set of products. For example, the Navy JSAF simulation uses three different GRIB data sets with specific content
and the AF AWSIM simulation utilizes CSV weather data files and Hypercubes for pre-computed effects.
At the top level is the concept of Projects. Note that there is no direct connection between Projects and Products.
The idea is that an end-user with minimal or no knowledge about the intricacies of the underlying applications in
their domain can easily define a Project by specifying a spatial domain and time range, and then selecting the
components involved in their event. The EDCSS requirements model allows this simple specification to be
transformed into a compete and detailed requirements specification at the Product level.
JCATS – Joint Conflict And Tactical Simulation
AWSIM – air warfare simulation model (US DoD)
JET – Joint Expeditionary Tasking (US DoD)
METAR – Meteorological Aviation Report
TAF - Terminal Area Forecast (aviation/meteorology)
JSAF GRIB
Text
METAR
TAF
Image
Weather Graphics
Synthetic Satellite

16. EDC Production Site

17. EDCSS Production JMB Data Standards SEIS Terrain Data WRF OutputAF
Atmos
EDCSS Production Site
Satellite
Imagery
Data
Hypercube
COSINE (IER)
Effects
Product
Generation
JMB Data Standards
Navy
Atmos
Imagery
Graphics
(KML)
Messages
Navy
Ocean
METAR/TAF
System
Impacts
Mineable
Databases
Ad- Hoc Sources
SEIS
Terrain Data
WRF Output
NCOM Ouput
Live

18. EDC Distributor
Provide the right products to the right player at the right time
Light-weight, forward Deployable to Event Network domain
Hosts web site
Offers web services

19. EDC Distributor Client and Runtime API
Product-Based Web Services
Project Web Site
EDC Runtime Integration Module
SOAP
/ XML
Java App
Java App
ZIP Files
Product
Cache
Data
Cache
EDC Dist. Client
EDC Runtime
EDC RIM API
Load product files
(in requested format)
getData(Parm, Level, Time, Lat, Lon)
Simulation Application

20. Exercise Distributor Site
METAR LLHA Z 27004KT 10SM FEW016 21/20 Q0997 RMK SLP053 LAT328N LON0350E
METAR LLJR Z 29007G19KT 10SM FEW016 17/17 Q0946 RMK SLP075 LAT319N LON0352E
METAR LTAF Z 08004KT 10SM SCT015 22/21 Q0999 RMK SLP021 LAT370N LON0353E
Event support site is auto-generated by EDC Production.
Provides html pages for browsing and/or downloading products.
Hosted on EDC Distributor, which also offers these same products via web services.

21. EDCSS for Training Event Support
EDCSS Production Site
Consistent,
Multi-Domain
Environmental
Scenario
Data
Event Planners
Effects
Project
Conditions,
Place/Time,
Components
Imagery
Messages
DMZ
DMZ
EDCSS
Distributor
HTTP Simulation Network
C4I Domain
RIM
Simulation
Control
White Cell
Trainees
RIM
Point out that runtime simulation is only part of the Training Event.
RIM
RIM
RIM
AWSIM
JCATS
NWARS
JSAF
JBUS
HLA–to-C4I Bridge
HLA Simulation Network
RIM = Runtime Integration Module
HLA = High-Level Architecture 21

22. EDCSS Product Portfolio
Satellite/Radar (Google Earth)
Satellite
Probability of Detection
Radar

23. EDCSS Product Portfolio (Cont)
CSV
FTUS80 KWBC
EQBA TAF 1509/ KT 9999 SKC QNH2963INS
BECMG 1513/ KT 9999 SKC QNH2963INS
BECMG 1601/ KT 9999 SKC QNH2972INS
BECMG 1613/ KT 9999 SKC QNH2961INS T35/1609Z T17/1521Z=
GRIB
TAF
METAR EQBA Z 05007G18KT 10SM CLR 17/12 Q0944 RMK SLP112
METAR EQBF Z 09014KT 10SM CLR 00/M05 Q0799 RMK SLP189
METAR EQBI Z 11004KT 10SM CLR 09/05 Q0736 RMK SLP113
METAR

24. EDCSS Product Portfolio (Cont)
Soil moisture content
Systems impact (stop light chart)
Ocean wave dir/height
“TV” weather graphics

25. EDCSS Support – TF09 TF-09 Support
Weather played major role in exercise script
PACOM Senior METOC officer specified desired scenario
Searched historical archives to find suitable dates
Ran WRF model for scenario in higher fidelity
Provided WRF output for Ocean model forcing
Produced full suite of EDCSS products
Over 9,000 total products
Satellite, Radar, Obs, Grib forecasts, CSV, “TV” graphics
Daily weather briefing to training audience by PACOM Senior METOC Officer

26. EDCSS Support – TF (cont’d)
TF-09 Support
Exercise Support Site available in JFCOM Test Bay 30 (JTEN)
EDCSS products made available on Navy Oceanography Portal
Primary adopters: White Cell and Training Audience
“Manual Adjudication” in JLVC simulations
JSAF played correlated ocean representation 26

27. EDCSS Support – AC09 AC-09 Support
WRF modeling to produce desired scenario
Produced full suite of EDCSS products to support EUCOM defined scenario
Ops Weather Squadron ingested EDCSS products
Over 10,000 weather products used to support exercise
Flight-level wind and aviation hazard charts, air refueling track forecasts, ship route weather and wave height forecasts, DTRA dispersion model inputs, flight weather briefs…
290,000 synthetic observations
AC08 – only a few hundred weather products 27

28. EDCSS Support – AC (cont’d)
AC-09 Support
Primary adopters: White Cell and Training Audience
“Manual Adjudication” in JLVC simulations
“consensus from all levels that products were realistic, consistent, and relevant to the warfighter” (USEUCOM Senior METOC Officer) 28

29. Summary JLVC Federates equipped for environmental injects
Variety of effects (targeting, sensor performance, plumes)
EDCSS produces consistent suite of products
EDCSS requirements model and distributor assure each consumer receives the right products at the right time
COCOM-level events: largely successful for White Cell and Training Audience
Adoption by Simulation Control lagging
Viewed as loss of control
Need further training and testing/documentation – ongoing

30. Thanks ! John.Holdzkom@aer.com
Atmospheric & Environmental Research, Inc.
1510 Breezeport Way, Suite 600
Suffolk, VA 23435
for more info.