1. Local Area Networks
Yiannos Mylonas

2. Physical Topologies
There are two parts to the topology definition: the physical topology, which is the actual layout of the wire (media), and the logical topology, which defines how data flows through the network.

3. LANs Devices Workstations
Laptop, Desktop PC, Wireless Node, Playstation 3, WII, Printer, and etc..
Hub/Switch, Wireless Access Point
Router
Firewall

4. Network Interface Card (NIC)
Each individual NIC throughout the world carries a unique code, called a Media Access Control (MAC) address. This address is used to control data communication for the host on the network.

5. Media
Cable length
Cost
Ease of installation

6. HUB To connect network nodes together
To regenerate and retime network signals
Broadcast the signal to its all ports
Layer 1 device
To increase reliability in the network (single failures of the line will not affect the other nodes)
Passive vs Active Hubs (regenerate packets)
Intelligent vs Dumb hubs

7. HUB Layer 1 Device

8. Switch: Layer 2 Device

9. Switch: Layer 2 Device
Switches “switch” data only out the port to which the proper host is connected.
The purpose of a switch is to concentrate connectivity, while making data transmission more efficient.
Switches provide each port with full bandwidth.

10. Router

11. Router Layer 3 Device

12. Router Routers make decision based on network addresses
Routers can connect different Layer 2 technologies such as Ethernet, FDDI, Token ring…
Routers are running the IP protocol cause they have become backbone of the internet
Router main task is to check the incoming packet and route it to the appropriate port based on its destination.
Routers are the most important traffic-regulating devices on large networks.

13. Cloud: Layer 1-7 Device

14. Network Topology

15. Simple Network: Two Nodes
Network Topologies
Simple Network: Two Nodes
Hubbed Network

16. Hubbed Network 2

17. LAN Cabling

18. Star Topology

19. Star Topology

20. Network Topology

21. Download & Upload Response Time