1. Ancient Governments and Empires
Europe
Ancient Governments and Empires

2. Ancient Government/Society
Greeks
Society
Originated from the Minoans and Mycenaean's
City states called Polis
Homer: Famous storyteller (Iliad and Odyssey)
Olympic Games: Athletic Events to please Gods
Athens (Thinkers) vs. Sparta (Warriors)
Greeks vs. Persians
Peloponnesian War: Athens vs. Sparta (winner)

5. Ancient Government/Society
Greeks
Government
Began as Aristocracy (city states controlled by nobles)
Hoplite: New soldier that helped decrease noble power
Tyrants: Transition leaders that brought change (over time they grew brutal)
Popular Government: Idea that people should and could rule themselves (began in some parts of Greece)
Democracy: Govt. in which the citizens take part
Athens became one; not all places followed suit
It was only to those that were male full citizens

7. Ancient Government/Society
Greeks
Philosophers
Philosophy: Study of reality and human existence
Socrates: One of the first, people should think for themselves, executed for his beliefs
Plato: Socrates student, founded a school called the Academy that taught the works of Socrates. Taught in dialogues.
Aristotle: Plato’s student, things should be studied logically . A lot of his works are used in modern science and medicine.

9. Ancient Government and Society
Greeks
Philosophers
Pythagoras: World could be explained by math
Hippocrates: Founder of medical science
Herodotus: First western historian
Theater
Drama: Plays containing action, dialogue, emotion
Tragedies: Main character struggles against fate
Comedies: Made fun of people or ideas

11. Ancient Governments/Society
Greek Empire
Alexander the Great
Son of Phillip II of Macedon
Conquered most of middle east, parts of Asia and Africa
Hellenistic Culture: Combination of Greek, Mediterranean, and Asian ways of life.
Greeks ruled this area for around 200 years.

13. Ancient Government and Society
Romans
Society
Originated with Latin's and Etruscans
Government
Republic: Government where voters elect officials to run the state.
3 Parts of Roman Republic
Senate: Most influential and powerful, $ and War
Magistrates: Elected officials (Controlled day to day)
Assemblies: Voted on Laws, watched over other 2 branches

14. Ancient Governments and Society
Romans
Government terms used today
Veto: Refuse to Approve
Checks and Balances: Prevents one part of the government from becoming too powerful
Republic Growth
Rome won 3 Wars with rival Carthage (Punic Wars)
Rome began to get too big, republic was not working
Transitioned into the Roman Empire

15. Ancient Governments and Society
Romans
Empire
Many different groups fighting each other for control
Julius Caesar: very popular, named dictator for life. Killed by people close to him (jealous senators)
Octavian: “Augustus” was a relative of Caesar, called himself the first citizen. Greatly expanded the size of Rome’s Empire.
Eventually the Roman Empire fell apart
Invaders (Goths, Vandals, Franks, Huns)
Political/Military Weakness, Economic Decline, Social Change

18. Ancient Governments and Society
Franks
Empire
Next Empire after the Romans
Middle Ages/Medieval Period ( )
Clovis: First King of the Franks, invaded into present day France
Charlemagne: Ruled from ; built a huge empire that spread Christianity. Advanced the way of life throughout Europe. (Education, government, etc)
Fell apart due to his son (Louis) and invasions (Vikings)