1. 13 Colonies Study Guide
Parts 1-3, Visual information answers, plus vocabulary, and overview questions

2. The Colonial Period New Peoples What years was the Colonial Period?

3. From what 8 countries did most settlers who came to America during this time travel?
England, Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, France (French Huguenots), Spain, Italy, and Portugal

4. List 3 reasons from the text of why people left their home country to come to America?
to escape the path of war, avoid poverty, and absentee landlordism

5. What was the population America at the end of the Colonial Period?
2.5 million

6. New England
What part of the United States were the New England colonies?
Northeast

7. List 4 ways the people in New England made a living.
grain and sawmills, shipbuilding, trade, cod industry (fishing)

8. Where did most settlers live in New England?
in villages and towns around the harbors.

9. Why was the Massachusetts Bay Colony able to lay the foundation or the beginning of trade?
because they built their own vessels (ships) and sailed them to parts all over the world

10. What things started making New England shippers a lot of money?
Rum and slaves

11. What was the triangular trade?
merchants and shippers would purchase slaves off of the coast of Africa for New England rum, then sell slaves in the West Indies where they would buy molasses to bring home for sale to the local rum producers.

12. The Middle Colonies
List 3 ways the Middle Colonies were different from the New England colonies.
society in the Middle Colonies was far more
varied, cosmopolitan, and
tolerant than the New England

13. Who helped make Pennsylvania and Delaware successful colonies?
William Penn

14. What was the heart of Pennsylvania?
Philadelphia
Describe Philadelphia.
broad tree-shaped streets,
substantial brick and stone
houses and busy docks

15. What religion were most people in Philadelphia? Quakers
From what country did the most successful farmers in Pennsylvania migrate?
Germany

16. What are the cottage industries?
weaving, shoemaking, cabinet making, and other crafts

17. Why do you think they are called that (cottage industries)?
because these things
could be done in their
home or cottage

18. What immigrants settled in Pennsylvania that were very poor, hated the English and didn’t trust any governments?
Scots-Irish (Scottish-Irish)

19. Where did this group settle and how did they survive?
the back-country and they
survived primarily by
hunting and subsistence
farming

20. What state had the largest variety of immigrants?
New York

21. List the countries from where people were immigrants.
Netherlands (Dutch),
France (French), Denmark
(Danes), Norway (Norwegians),
Sweden (Swedes/Swedish),
England (English), Scotland
(Scots/Scottish), Ireland (Irish),
Germany (Germans), Poland (Poles
/Polish), Bohemia (Bohemians),
Portugal (Portugese), and Italy (Italians)

22. Who had the largest influence on New York even after their country lost the colony of New York to the British?
The Dutch

23. The Southern Colonies List the Southern Colonies.
Virginia, Maryland, North and South Carolina, and Georgia

24. What 2 groups made up the economic and social structure in Maryland and Virginia?
great planters and yeoman farmers

25. Who helped the planters of the tidewater region?
slaves through slave labor

26. Describe the planters of the tidewater region.
Held most of political power and best land, built great houses, adopted aristocratic way of life

27. What is a yeoman farmer?
He works smaller tracts of land
About what did the yeoman farmers warn the planters?
Not to encroach too far upon the rights of free men

28. Where was the most successful port in the Southern Colonies?
Charleston, South Carolina

29. List 3 things that grew in North and South Carolina that made these colonies very rich.
Rice, indigo, forest (trees)

30. Where did the population grow in the Southern Colonies?
North and South Carolina

31. What are 3 reasons that people moved inland away from the larger coastal cities?
(1)Germans/Scots-Irish were unwilling to live in the original tidewater settlements, (2) people could not secure fertile land or (3) exhausted the lands they held

32. Where did Frontier families build?
On the edge of Indian country
What did they grow?
Maize and wheat

33. Visual Information Packet Questions/Answers
The 13 colonies were a part of what continent?
North America

34. They are a part of what present day country?
United States of America
Which colony is farthest north?
New Hampshire

35. Which colony is farthest south?
Georgia
The colonies were bound by the Appalachian Mountains on the west. What ocean bordered the colonies on the east?
Atlantic

36. The oldest colony was Virginia (founded in 1607)
The oldest colony was Virginia (founded in 1607). Which colony was just south of Virginia?
North Carolina

37. The colony of Virginia contained what are now the states of Virginia and West Virginia. What colony bordered Virginia to the northeast?
Maryland

38. In which section of the 13 Colonies is Massachusetts located?
Northern/New England

39. Which colony was founded last?
Georgia
What colony was founded second?
New York

40. 13 Colonies Vocab
Persecuted - hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of race or political or religious beliefs.

41. 13 Colonies Vocab
Oppression – to keep down by the cruel or unjust use of power; rule harshly
Refugee – a person who flees from a country to seek shelter or safety elsewhere
Commerce – buying/selling of goods especially when done on a large scale between cities, states or countries
Prosperity – good fortune, wealth or success
Export – carry or send goods to another country

42. 13 Colonies Vocab Continued
Commodity – anything bought or sold
Substantial – large in amount, size or number
Creed – a statement of the basic belief of a religion
Indigent – suffering from extreme poverty
Subsistence – minimum food or shelter needed to support life

43. 13 Colonies Vocab Continued
Predominantly – a position of power, authority or influence over others
Revenue – an amount of money regularly coming in
Oligarchy – a form of government where all power is held by a few prominent people
Interior – situated well inland from the coast or border
Tracts – an expanse or area of land, water, etc.

44. The Colonial Period
Overview Questions and Answers
Up until 1680 most of the settlers who came to the new world were from what country?
____England____
List 3 reasons that that many people left continental Europe and came to the New World.
Escape the path of war, avoid poverty, and absentee landlordism

45. What was the population of the New World by 1690?
¼ of a million__
What was the population by 1775?
_2.5 million______
Why was it difficult to farm in New England?
Thin, stony soil, relatively little level
land, and long winters

46. List 4 other ways that the people of New England made money.
Grain mills and sawmills,
shipbuilding, trade, and the cod
industry

47. Where did the people of New England live and why did they live there?
In villages and towns around the harbors because may New Englanders carried on some kind of trade or business

48. What was being built in the Massachusetts Bay Colony?
vessels (ships)
Why was this important?
This laid the foundation for a trade that was to grow
rapidly

49. What was the triangular trade?
merchants and shippers would purchase slaves off of the coast of Africa for New England rum, then sell slaves in the West Indies where they would buy molasses to bring home for sale to the local rum producers.

50. Why was it considered “unsavory”?
it was considered unsavory because it was morally wrong to purchase/own
another person

51. The people in the Middle Colonies were more _________ than in New England.
tolerant
Who guided Pennsylvania and was the reason it ran smoothly and grew rapidly?
William Penn

52. What was Philadelphia?
it was the heart of
Pennsylvania
What made it one of the most thriving cities in the colonies?
Their talent for successful
business enterprise

53. Who were the best farmers?
Germans
What cottage industries were important in the Middle Colonies?
weaving, shoemaking,
cabinetmaking and other
crafts

54. Who moved into the Middle Colonies in the early 18th century?
Scots-Irish
Describe the Scots-Irish. Tell about them, where they settled and how they survived
they settled in the back country of Pennsylvania and survived by hunting and subsistence farming

55. What colony was a great example of the many different nationalities that moved to the New World?
New York
List the other nationalities that settled along the Hudson River.
Dutch, French, Danes,
Norwegians, Swedes, English,
Scots, Irish, Germans, Poles,
Bohemians, Portuguese, and Italians

56. What city in New York became busy with all kinds of people and businesses?
Manhattan
How did the Southern Colonies make their money?
lumber, tar, resin (from the long leaf pine tree), rice, indigo, maize, and wheat

57. Describe the farmers of the Tidewater region.
they were supported by slave labor, held most of the political power and the best land, built great houses, adopted an aristocratic (power in the hands of a few) way of life

58. __________________________
became the leading port and trading center in the South.
Charleston, South Carolina
What did the settlers there learn to do?
to combine agriculture and commerce

59. Which colony only grew one crop?
Virginia
What did North and South Carolina grow and export?
rice, indigo, and forests/trees

60. Who moved inland and give the reasons why?
Germans and Scots-Irish moved inland because they were
unwilling to live in the original
tidewater settlements, they
could not secure fertile land
along the coast, or they had
exhausted the land they held

61. Describe the frontier family
Describe the frontier family. Telling where they lived and about their lives.
they built cabins, cleared tracts in the wilderness, cultivated maize and wheat, the men wore leather known as buckskin, the women wore clothes made of cloth they spun at home, they ate venison (deer), wild turkey, and fish, they had great barbeques, dances, housewarmings for newly married couples, shooting matches, and contests for making quilt blankets