1. Harlem Renaissance

2. What It Was Harlem Renaissance
A flowering of African American art, literature, music and culture in the United States led primarily by the African American community based in Harlem, New York City.

3. When It Occurred Beginning: Ending:
1924 Opportunity magazine hosted a party for black writers with many white publishers attending
Ending:
1929, the year of the stock market crash and the resulting economic Great Depression.

4. Who?
Descendants from a generation whose parents or grandparents had witnessed slavery and Reconstruction
Lived in a country governed by Jim Crow laws.

6. Who?
Many of these people were part of the Great Migration out of the South and other racially stratified communities ;

7. Between 1910 and 1930, the African American population in the North rose by about 20 percent overall. Cities such as Chicago, Detroit, New York, and Cleveland had some of the biggest increases.

8. Factors behind the Great Migration
Avoid the racial segregation of Jim Crow laws in the South
Boll weevil infestation in Southern cotton in the late 1910s forced people to search for other work
Blacks could take the service jobs that new white factory workers had vacated;
The Immigration Act of 1924 stopped European immigrants, causing a shortage of factory workers;
The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 displaced thousands of African-American farm workers.
Many African-Americans believed they could avoid the racial segregation of Jim Crow laws in the South by seeking refuge in the North where there was thought to be less racial persecution
The boll weevil infestation of Southern cotton fields in the late 1910s forced many sharecroppers to search for alternative employment opportunities
The enormous expansion of war industries created new job openings for blacks—not in the factories but in the service jobs that new factory workers vacated
World War I and the Immigration Act of 1924 effectively put a halt to the flow of European immigrants to the emerging industrial centers of the Northeast and Midwest, causing shortages of workers in the factories
Anti-immigration legislation after the war resulted in similar labor shortages
The Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 and its aftermath displaced hundreds of thousands of African-American farm workers

10. Effects of the Harlem Renaissance
Music
Literature
Art

11. Music
Jazz
Brass and woodwind instruments with trumpets, trombones and saxophones playing lead parts
Characterized by intricate leads and accidentals
Complex chords, syncopated rhythms
Improvised solos

12. Music
Big Band or Swing
No microphones meant that musicians increased band size to increase sound
Used composers and arrangers
Little room for improvisation

13. Notable Musicians

15. Notable Writers
Langston Hughes
Countee Cullen
Zora Neale Hurston

16. Notable Artists
Self Portrait with Bandana, William Johnson

17. Portrait Bust of Paul Robeson Sir Jacob Epstein
Midonz, Ronald Moody

18. Les Fetiches, Lois Mailou Jones

19. Dust to Dust, Jacob Lawrence

20. Blues, Archibald Motley, Jr.

21. Café, William H. Johnson