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Art of the Reformation Baroque & Dutch Realism

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1 Art of the Reformation Baroque & Dutch Realism
Mr. Meester AP European History

2 The Baroque Style (1590-1720) The successor to Mannerism
Backed by the Catholic Church Presented life in a very grandiose three-dimensional display of raw energy. Intense emotions Dynamic movement Exaggerated lighting & shadows Bold rich colors Melodramatic & Ornate

3 St. Francis of Assisi (1550-1560)
New Techniques Creamy broad brush strokes resulted in impasto Very thick visible strokes that provide depth Tenebrism: characterized by deep shadows (often black) and strongly illuminated areas (usually from a single light source) Done for dramatic affect not 3-dimension St. Francis of Assisi ( ) Francisco de Zurbaran

4 Baroque Art & the Reformation
Considered the art of the Catholic Church & Counter-Reformation. Meant to reaffirm Catholic beliefs & glorify both the Church and the Monarchy Especially in Spain and France Strongly influenced by the views of the Jesuits Was thought the art needed to be more forceful, emotional, and realistic Encompassed a wide range of mediums Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Music, Literature, even Theater

5 Giovanni Lorenzo Bernini (1598-1680)
Seen as the successor to Michelangelo Best known for his sculptures and architecture, he was also a master painter Was well known for being able to capture a dramatic naturalist realism of a moment Was able to synthesize paintings, sculpture, and architecture into one coherent work Self Portrait 1623

6 St. Peter’s Square ( )

7 Sculptures & Fountains
Fountain of the Four Rivers Apollo & Daphne

8 Peter Paul Rubens ( ) A painter, he was raised Catholic in the city of Antwerp (Flanders) “My passion comes from the heavens, not from earthly musings.” His style emphasizes movement color and sensuality Also know for the use of allegory Best known for his Marie de Medici cycle 24 paintings commissioned by the French queen Self Portrait 1623

9 Marie de Medici cycle (1621-1622)
Reconciliation of the Queen and her son The Destiny of Marie de Medici Louis XIII Comes of Age

10 Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
A German composer, was not great appreciated in his time. Well know for his use of counterpoint Two or more tones that move independently but sound harmonious together “Several individually beautiful songs that, when sung simultaneously, sound as a more beautiful whole”

11 The Dutch Golden Age Occurred during the later stages of the Eighty Years War lasting until the beginning of the 18th century Dutch Realism is an excellent example of art influenced by the Protestant Reformation Shares some characteristics with Baroque art but lacks its idealization and love of splendor Focuses more on the realism of everyday life Due to Calvanism’s views on church decoration most works are secular in nature Most commissions were made by the wealthy merchant class of the Netherlands

12 Rembrandt van Rijn ( ) Born in the Northern Netherlands, he worked most of his life in Amsterdam Considered by most to be the great painter of the Dutch Golden Age Known for his self-portraits and a intense focus on direct observation of his surroundings “From Life”

13 The Night Watch (1642) One of Rembrandt's most famous works
Uses light and darkness very effectively to draw attention to the central figures Portrays dynamic movement Wasn’t actually at night

14 Portraits & Landscapes
Portrait of a Woman (1634) Abduction of Europa (1632)

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