1. Organs & Organ Systems
Karen Malt, MSN, RN

2. Organs & Organ Systems Organ Organ system
A structure made up of two or more kinds of tissue organized in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any tissue alone
Organ system
A group of organs arranged in such a way that they can together perform a more complex function than can any organ alone

3. Organs & Organ Systems Integumentary system Structure Functions
Has only one organ: the skin
Has many millions of appendages
Skin
Hair
Nails
Sense receptors
Sweat glands
Oil glands
Functions
Protection
Regulation of body temperature
Synthesis of chemicals
Sense organ

4. The Integumentary System

5. Organs & Organ Systems Skeletal system Structure Functions Bones
Joints
Functions
Support
Movement (with joints and muscles)
Storage of minerals
Blood cell formation

6. Skeletal System

7. Organs & Organ Systems Muscular system Structure Functions Muscles
Voluntary, or striated
Involuntary, or smooth
Cardiac
Functions
Movement
Maintenance of body posture
Production of heat

8. Muscular System

9. Organs & Organ Systems Nervous system Structure Functions
Brain
Spinal cord
Nerves
Sense organs
Functions
Communication
Integration
Control
Recognition of sensory stimuli
System functions by production of nerve impulses caused by stimuli of various types
Control is fast-acting and of short duration

10. Nervous System

11. Organs & Organ Systems Endocrine system Structure Pituitary gland
Pineal gland
Hypothalamus
Thyroid gland
Parathyroid glands
Thymus gland
Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Ovaries (female)
Testes (male)

12. Endocrine System

13. Organs & Organ Systems Endocrine system Functions
Secretion of special substances called hormones directly into the blood
Organs of endocrine system perform same general functions as nervous system
Communication
Integration
Control
Control is slow and of long duration
Examples of hormone regulation
Growth
Metabolism
Reproduction
Fluid and electrolyte balance

14. Organs & Organ Systems Cardiovascular (circulatory) system Structure
Heart
Blood vessels
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Functions
Transportation
Regulation of body temperature
Immunity (body defense)

15. Cardiovascular System

16. Organs & Organ Systems Lymphatic system Structure Functions
Lymph nodes
Lymphatic vessels
Tonsils
Thymus
Spleen
Functions
Transportation
Immunity (body defense)

17. Lymphatic Systems

18. Organs & Organ Systems Immune system Structure Functions
All of the body’s defense systems
Functions
Protects from disease-causing microorganisms; harmful toxins
Helps us react appropriately to irritants; injuries

19. Organs & Organ Systems Respiratory system Structure Functions Nose
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
Functions
Exchange of waste gas (carbon dioxide) for oxygen occurs in the alveoli of the lungs
Warm and humidify incoming air
Filtration of irritants from inspired air
Regulation of acid-base balance

20. Respiratory Systems

21. Organs & Organ Systems Digestive system Structure Primary organs
Mouth --small intestine
Pharynx -- Large Intestine
Esophagus -- Rectum
Stomach -- Anal canal
Secondary (accessory) organs
Teeth -- Gallbladder
Salivary glands -- Pancreas
Tongue -- Appendix
Liver

22. Organs & Organ Systems Digestive system Functions Appendix
Mechanical and chemical breakdown (digestion) of food
Absorption of nutrients
Undigested waste product that is eliminated is called feces
Appendix
Structural but not a functional part of digestive system
Inflammation of appendix is called appendicitis

23. Organs & Organ Systems Urinary system Structure Functions Kidneys
Ureters
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Functions
“Clearing” or cleaning blood of waste products; waste product excreted from body is called urine
Electrolyte balance
Water balance
Acid-base balance
In males, urethra has urinary and reproductive functions

24. Urinary Systems

25. Organs & Organ Systems Reproductive system Structure Male Female
Gonads: Testes
Genital ducts: Vas deferens, urethra
Accessory gland: Prostate
Supporting structures: Genitalia (penis and scrotum)
Female
Gonads: Ovaries
Accessory organs: Uterus, uterine (fallopian) tubes, vagina
Supporting structures: Genitalia (vulva), mammary glands (breasts)

26. Male Reproductive System

27. Female Reproductive System

28. Organs & Organ Systems Reproductive system Functions Survival of genes
Production of sex cells (male: sperm; female: ova)
Transfer and fertilization of sex cells
Development and birth of offspring
Nourishment of offspring
Production of sex hormones

29. References
Thibodeau, G. A., Patton, K. T. (2012). Structure and Function of the Body. River Falls, Wisconsin: Elsevier.