1. SCIENCE SAFETY

2. What’s Wrong With This Picture?

3. What’s Wrong With This Picture?

4. What’s Wrong With This Picture?

5. What’s Wrong With These Statements?
Hal says that his teacher is solely responsible for preventing laboratory accidents.
Keshia started the lab activity before reading it through completely.
Ricardo decided to do a lab activity that he read about in a library book before the teacher came into the classroom.
Stephanie says that the safety goggles mess up her hair and give her raccoon eyes. She refuses to wear them.
Barbie and Ken accidentally break a beaker full of some chemical. Instead of risking getting in trouble they quickly clean up the mess with paper towel and throw it in the garbage.

6. What NOT to do in the laboratory!

7. Science Safety Poster
Design a rough draft of a science safety poster on loose leaf. Your draft must cover the full page. Once your rough draft has been approved move to the next step.
Draw in pencil on 11 x 17 paper your science safety poster. This design must be neat and coloured. Place you name on the back of your poster

14. The Potato Battery

15. The Potato Battery Purpose:
To demonstrate how a potato and different metals can be used to power various materials.
Hypothesis: Do you believe that a potato can be used to produce an electric current? How much current do you think a potato will produce? For how long do you think it will be able to sustain a current? Could you use one of them to power a clock or a calculator?
Apparatus:
alligator clips,
device to power (ie. clock, calculator, light bulb, etc.),
wire

16. Materials:
copper,
zinc (galvanized nails),
potatoes
Procedure:
Cut the potato in half and place them next to each other, flat face down on a plate.
Strip off about 2 inches of insulation from both ends of each wire.
Wrap one end of one wire around one of the nails. Press the nail into one of the potato halves.

17. Wire attachment to nail and copper
Diagram:
Wire attachment to nail and copper
Potato battery set-up

18. Potato clock set-up
galvanized nail
copper
wire
potato
clock

19. Potato powered calculator set-up
galvanized nail
copper
wire
potato
calculator

20. Results:
The timer works! Initially, the potato battery consisted of 4 potatoes. This produced too much electricity. Both the calculator and the timer showed all 8’s. When the potato battery was reduced to 2 potatoes, just the right amount of energy was produced, allowing both the calculator and the timer to work efficiently.

21. Conclusion:
The number of potatoes affects the amount of energy produced. When the potato battery is connected in series, the more potatoes added, increases the voltage. When connected in parallel, the more potatoes added increase the amperes. The voltage produced here is about that of a AA or AAA battery – ie. about 1.5V. However, students must keep in mind that voltage only has the potential to do work. (This deals with Ohm’s Law: V = I x R). This type of battery only produces a few milliamps. Many potatoes are needed to produce enough amps to make a significant difference.

22. Lights-On Lights-Off Centre

23. Lights-On Lights-Off Centre
Purpose: Determine which materials allow electricity to pass through them.
Materials:
metal spoon, AA battery, piece of wood, quarter, sharpener, straw, light bulb, eraser, 3 alligator clips

24. 3. Hypothesis: Materials Prediction Result metal spoon wood quarter
sharpener
eraser
straw

25. 4. Diagram:
light bulb
quarter
6 Volt
battery
wires

26. 6. Conclusion:
1. What material would you use to make a light bulb go on- a conductor or an insulator?
2. Based on your investigation which materials would make good conductors?
3. Describe a situation where an insulator is used in an electrical device?

29. Different Needs, Different Circuits
Purpose: to build series and parallel circuits.
Materials: 2 light bulbs with holders, 6 alligator clips, 1 AA battery.
Diagram:
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuit

30. Conclusion: 1. Give examples of similarities between a series and a parallel circuit. Give examples of differences between a series and a parallel circuit. 2. Why do you think the two light bulbs go out when one light bulb was unhooked in the series circuit? 3. Why do you think one light bulb stayed on when the other light bulb was unhooked in the parallel circuit? 4. Can you describe a situation where a series circuit could be used to operate an electrical device? 5. Can you describe a situation where a parallel circuit could be used to operate an electrical device?

31. Where Does Electricity Come From?
A + and – chart can also be used for collecting science information. You are going to read about five different ways to generate electricity. Each way has positive and negative effects on your community and the environment. Work with a partner. Create a + and – chart for the different ways to generate electricity. There are two major categories for classifying types of energy resources — renewable and non-renewable. A renewable energy resource can be used over and over. It is never used up. Hydroelectricity, wind, and solar energy are examples of renewable energy resources. A non-renewable energy resource can only be used once. Coal is an example of a non-renewable energy source.

32. Hydroelectricity
Positive
Negative