1. hardware bits and bytes Java
Introduction
hardware
bits and bytes
Java

2. What we will do in this class
Understand how to control a computer with a programming language.
Learn (and practice) strategies and techniques for programming.
Learn and use Java.

3. Hardware and Software Hardware is the machine
CPU, monitor, keyboard, speakers, disks, chips
Software is the programs that make the machine do things.

4. Memory the CPU is the chip that does the computation
RAM (processor memory) is the storage for programs and data that are in active use.

5. Input and output devices
Input devices: keyboard, mouse, touch part of touch screen, microphone,camera, hard drive, instruments like thermometers...
Output devices: monitor, speakers, printer, hard drive, controllers ...

6. Analogue vs Digital
Analogue - old record players, film cameras, speech
Digital - audio CDs, digital cameras, written words

7. Binary Numbers
How high can you count on your fingers? (Assuming 10 fingers)

8. How to count to 1023 on your fingers, (and why you will snicker at the number 4)
128
256 4 8 64 2
512 1 32 16
credit:

9. Bits and Bytes How many bits it takes to represent
the days of the week
the months of a year
one million different colors
A byte is 8 bits. How many bytes would it take...

10. Storing Information
9278
9279
9280
9281
9282
9283
9284
9285
9286
Each memory cell stores a set number of bits (usually 8 bits, or one byte)
Large values are
stored in consecutive
memory locations
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

11. From program to execution
Each CPU has its own machine language.
Typically, a compiler converts a program to machine language.
Different versions of the compiler for different machines.

12. From program to execution: Java
A Java compiler converts the program to bytecode - the same for all machines.
An interpreter translates the bytecode to machine code and executes it.

13. Java Introduced in 1995 by Sun
Goal: programs that could be run on any computer, run over the web.
Includes its own graphics, including GUIs.
Object oriented language.

14. Program Example: Facts.java
credit: Lewis and Loftus

16. Comments

17. Comments // A single line comment /* This comment can be on many
lines */

18. class
class
body
Class header

19. main method
main
method
body
main method
header

20. printing System.out.println
semicolon
ends each
statement
a string literal
between
the quotes

21. concatenation
+ to put two strings
together,
concatenation

22. concatenation
a number gets
converted to a string
for concatenation

23. skipping a line
no parameter,
just prints a line

24. oops! Go from start to end, one command at a time. output:
We present the following facts foryour extracurricular edification:
Letters in the Hawaiian alphabet: 12
Dialing Code for Antarctica: 672
Year in which Leonardo da Vinci invented the parachute: 1515
Speed of ketchup: 40 km per year
Go from start
to end, one
command at
a time.

25. Escape Sequences Special characters as part of a string:
\n newline \t tab
\" quote \' single quote \\ backslash