1. Aim: How does HIV affect the immune system?

2. What could have made him look so sick?

3. Passed through the placenta Open wound Sharing needles - drugs
How can we contract HIV?
Sexual intercourse
Blood transfusion
Passed through the placenta
Open wound
Sharing needles - drugs
Do phenolthalein activity

4. It is a virus that attacks our immune system.
What is HIV?
It is a virus that attacks our immune system.
It is a retrovirus. It has RNA not DNA as its genetic material.
How does our body know this is an enemy?
ANTIGEN

5. What part of our immune system does it attack?
White blood cells
HIV attacks special WBC’s called T-Cells

6. How are B-cells different than T-cells?
Send signals
to B-cells
to make
antibodies
Make
antibodies

7. How does HIV replicate? HIV binds to a T-cell
Virus
HIV binds to a T-cell
It inserts its RNA into the T-cell
It produces HIV DNA
It hides HIV DNA inside the cell's DNA:
This turns the cell into a HIV factory.
T-Cell

8. How does HIV destroy our immune system?
Time 1:43

9. Effects of HIV
You don’t die from the HIV infection, rather you die from the diseases/infections you get because your body can’t defend itself. (ex: pneumonia)
These infections are called OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.

10. Can we make a vaccine? 3 min clip
It is very difficult because the virus mutates very quickly and produces different antigens after only a few generations.

11. Where is AIDS an epidemic?