1. Developing Indigenous Capabilities for Processing Organic Wastes
Presented by
Dr David Fulford MEI CEnv
Kingdom Bioenergy Ltd, UK

2. Background David Fulford:
Worked in DCS, Butwal on initial Nepal biogas programme (funded by USAID)
1977 to 1984
Did mid-term evaluation of UNDP funded biogas programme 1991
Taught on MSc on Renewable Energy, Reading University, UK – 1989 to 2008
Assessor for Ashden – 2004 to present
Evaluation of SNV Asia Biogas 2012
Wrote: Running a biogas programme (Practical Action 1988) new version 2014

3. Overview
The best people to develop processes to solve local problems are local people
People have indigenous skills which can be used for wider applications
The most cost-effective solutions are often the simplest ones
Simple and appropriate solutions are not easy and quick to develop
R & D is required to find appropriate solutions

4. Ashden Experience
Ashden is part of Sainsbury Foundation - gives awards to best renewable energy technologies in the world
The best renewable energy technologies are those developed by a local entrepreneur to meet a local problem
People need to share information and learn from others

5. Domestic biogas program in Nepal
Case Study 1
Domestic biogas program in Nepal
Nepal government initiative
R & D program in Development and Consulting Services, funded by USAID
Program under Gobar Gas Company, funded by UNDP
Developed a model for domestic biogas systems (GGC 2047)
Over 300,000 plants built in Nepal under SNV funded BSP program (Ashden Award)

6. Nepal Biogas Reasons for Success
Technology uses local skills and was developed interactively between local practitioners and international advisers
Emphasis on quality control and follow-up
Extension process uses local skills and was developed interactively between local practitioners and international advisers
References - my book and SNV publications

7. Waste processing for CMC Vellore
Case Study 2
Waste processing for CMC Vellore
SKG Sangha - domestic biogas extension NGO (Ashden Award) 125,000 plants
CMC Vellore needs to process 3 tonnes a day of food waste
Complaints about smell of composting system
Kingdom Bioenergy worked with SKG Sangha to build biogas system

8. Vellore System (1)

9. Vellore System (2)

10. Vellore System (3)

11. Vellore System (4)

12. Vellore System (5)

13. Vellore system features
Cost (first estimates only):
Estimated commercial: IRs 3,500,000
(NRs 5,600,000, $ 58,000)
Energy generated:
Estimated: 300 m3 per day biogas
gives 6580 MJ/day, or 112 kg LPG/day
value: IRs 7,600 /day IRs 2,700,000/yr
Electricity potential:
Estimated: 25 kW or 219,000 kW hr/yr
value: IRs IRs 5/kW hr

14. Approach to Design Looked at local capabilities of SKG Sangha
Considered local aspects of South India
Visited CMC Vellore and looked at local management systems.
Took experience from projects in UK, Rwanda, Ghana and elsewhere in India
Designed prototype system
Made by SKG Sangha technicians, supervised by SKG Sangha engineer

15. Development Pilot system, needs much more testing
Needs R & D component - how can it be improved?
Design adapted to local conditions:
Capability of SKG Sangha
Skills used in existing extension program
Waste management capability already in CMC Vellore
Skills used in existing waste management

16. Implications Cannot offer SKG Sangha system Can offer an approach:
still under development
designed for South India
not appropriate for Nepal
Can offer an approach:
develop system appropriate to Nepal
use capabilities of NBPA companies
work together to find a cost effective solution that works in Nepal

17. Requirements Team of local people experienced with biogas
External consultants experienced in R&D for appropriate solutions:
technical, management, extension
Funding, specifically for R&D
R&D facilities:
laboratories, land, equipment
Organisation

18. Indigenous capability to process organic residues in Nepal
Projected Result
Indigenous capability to process organic residues in Nepal
Kingdom Bioenergy Ltd
Foundation SKG Sangha
foundationskgsangha.org