1. Relationships and roles
Chapter 11
Relationships
and roles

2. Deinstitutionalizing marriage
Women’s movement redefined marriage. More equality but personal priorities led to more divorces
More choose to live alone or cohabitate
More single parents with less stigma
Parents more accepting of children who cohabitate but cultural differences remain

3. Married or cohabiting in Europe (ages 30 to 39)

4. The marriage happiness curve
Peaks before and during honeymoon
Declines about year 4, divorce danger zone.
Lowest while with children
Happiness rises after children leave
“U” or valley curve

5. The marriage relationship
Homogamy
Secure attachment
Event-driven relationship
Cohabitation and later divorce

6. Sternberg’s Triangular theory of love
1. Passion
2. Intimacy
3. Commitment
Romantic love combines passion and intimacy
Commitment only in an “empty marriage”
Consummate love (ideal) combines all three

7. Divorce Weigh costs vs. benefits (finances, effect on children)
Communication problems most often given as the major cause of divorce.
Other problems contribute. Extra-marital affair can be “final straw”
Risk of failed 2nd marriage (rebound or repeat pattern)

8. Working women
Have less continuous careers than men, more prone to leave then return due to caregiving needs
Gender-specific careers continue but lessening
Glass ceiling: less advancement
Women still earn less than men

9. Lifespan theory of work (Donald Super)
Moratorium (young adults): Deciding on a career
Establishment (20s-40s): Working hard to advance on the job
Maintenance (50s-60s): Career peak, focus on mentoring new workers
Decline (65+): Withdraw and retire
21st century difference: Fewer 20s-30s males (1 in 2) report interest in career advancement perhaps because they feel they’re already working too many hours.

10. Happiness theory of work (John Holland)
1. Find a career that fits your personality
2. Find work that provides:
Intrinsic rewards: inner fulfillment
Extrinsic rewards: external reinforcers like prestige and good pay
3. Avoid the negatives:
Role overload: too much to do
Role conflict: between job and home

11. Mental illness DSM-IV-TR (2000) Mental status examination (MSE)
Psychological tests: MMPI, etc
Most severe disorders
Substance abuse
Paraphilias

12. Treating mental illness
Commitment Deinstitutionalization mainstreaming Best treatment