1. Naveen Kumar ●Teacher ●Researcher ● Technophile
Cell Phone Antennas
Naveen Kumar
●Teacher ●Researcher ● Technophile

2. Contents The Icebreaker: First Cell Phone
Facts about the first cell phone
Trends in Cell-Phone Development
Antenna – An Introduction
Types of Antennas used in Cell phones
Retractable Monopole Antenna
Helical Antenna
Intenna
Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA)
Antennas in some of Today’s Smartphones
SAR Measurement
Advancements & Future Technologies
References
Cell Phone Antennas

3. The Icebreaker: First Cell-Phone
Latest:
Motorola ULTRA
Dr. Martin Cooper at Motorola Inc.
DynaTAC
Thin phone: 7.2 [mm]
Cell Phone Antennas

4. Quick Facts About the First Cell Phone
The first DynaTAC phone weighted around 2.2 Kgs (approx.)
The battery life would last for only 20 minutes
Nicknamed the
‘The BRICK’
Its cost was around 4,000 US Dollars
Cell Phone Antennas

5. Trends in Cell-Phone Development
Cell Phone Antennas

6. Antenna- An Introduction
An Antenna converts electromagnetic radiation into electric current, or vice versa.
Need of Antenna :
For transmission and reception of the radio signal.
Antennas are required by any radio receiver or transmitter to couple its electrical connection to the electromagnetic field. 
Cell Phone Antennas

7. Types of Antennas used in Cell Phones
Following are some of the antennas used in cellular phones:
External Antennas
Retractable Monopole (whips) antennas
Helical antennas
Internal Antennas
Microstrip antennas (MSA)
Planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA)
Cell Phone Antennas

8. Retractable Monopole Antenna
An antenna that we can retract.
Basically a dipole antenna with top loading (looks like a hat)
Cell Phone Antennas

9. Helical (Stubby) Antenna
When we open a cap, we can see a helical antenna. (looks like a spring)
We don’t have to retract. → It is convenient for users.
Cell Phone Antennas

10. Ceramic Helical Antenna
High permittivity → Small antenna size
Cell Phone Antennas

11. Intenna
Internal antenna: The antenna is embedded inside the phone which is not visible to us.
A phone case is strongly related to an intenna.
Cell Phone Antennas

12. Intenna for 3G Phone A metal strip pattern is served as an antenna.
Cell Phone Antennas

13. Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA)
Original Form
PIFA
Integrated PIFA
Cell Phone Antennas

14. Triple-Band Antenna Intenna: internal antenna
Resonance: 900, 1800, 1900 [MHz]
Cell Phone Antennas

15. PIFA for Cell-Phone
Resonance Graph
Cell Phone Antennas

16. PIFA for Notebook
Cell Phone Antennas

17. Antennas for Galaxy Nexus & Galaxy S
Cell Phone Antennas

18. Apple’s Antennagate Iphone 4
Death grip: when we touch a certain part of an iPhone 4, the ongoing call may gets dropped.
Stainless steel frame as multi-band antennas.
Iphone 4
Cell Phone Antennas

19. SAR Measurement SAR: Specific Absorption Rate
Our brain can absorb Electromagnetic (EM) power. The SAR measures how much power our head absorbs.
Cell Phone Antennas

20. Advancements & Future Technologies
Cell Phone Antennas

21. References
Kin-Lu Wong, “Planar Antennas for Wireless Communication”, Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Chapter: 2, Pages: 26-65, 2003.
C. Rowell, E.Y. Lam, “Mobile-phone antenna design”, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 54, No. 4, Page(s): 14 – 34, 2012.
Images from shutterstock.com, antenna-theory.com, istockphoto.com, empire.de, antenova.com, nearfield.org, gsmarena.com.
Cell Phone Antennas

22. Where to find me.. naveen.kumar@thapar.edu /chd.naveen @saini_naveen87

23. Cell Phone Antennas