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Published byOctavia Howard Modified over 6 years ago
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Continental Drift Alfred Wegener – 1915 Continental Jigsaw Puzzle
Fossils Matched across the sea Common rock types (Africa and Appalachian) Ancient Climates
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Fossil and Rock Evidence
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Rejected There was no credible mechanism for the movement of continents
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Theory of Plate Tectonics
WWII oceanographers – large picture of the ocean floor. Ocean ridges Ocean drilling – established the age of the ocean floor Paleomagnetism
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Age of Ocean Floor
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paleomagnetism
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Plate boundaries
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Divergent boundaries
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Plate boundaries – pacific view
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Rift zone
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Convergent boundaries
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Volcanic formation
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Transform boundary
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Ring of Fire
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How is sediment formed Weathering Mass wasting Erosion
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Weathering Rocks are broken down to sediment through the process of either Mechanical weathering Chemical weathering
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Mechanical Weathering
Physical breaking up of rock - disintegration Rock is broken into smaller pieces Frost Wedging Sheeting Biological activity
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Frost Wedging
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Sheeting
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Biological weathering
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Chemical Weathering Alters internal structure of the mineral by removing and/or adding elements Oxidation Carbonic Acid
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Oxidation Water is the agent of chemical weathering.
Oxygen dissolved in water will oxidize iron-rich minerals
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Carbonic acid Carbon dioxide dissolved in water forms a weak acid. This weak acid will react with mineral elements; breaking the rock down.
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Mass Wasting The transfer of rock and soil downslope, under the influence of gravity. Mudslide Rockslide Earthflow slump
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Triggers of Mass Wasting
Over saturation of land Over steepened slopes Loss of vegetation Earthquakes
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Erosion The physical removal of material by a mobile agent such as flowing water, waves, wind or ice Water Wind
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Combination of sediment and organic matter
Soil Combination of sediment and organic matter
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