1. Ecosystems Test Review

2. 1. Historically, seals were hunted for their fur
1. Historically, seals were hunted for their fur. An increase in hunting of seals resulted in an increase of
Salmon & small fish

3. 2. Which animal (s) rely on plankton for food?
Shrimp, freshwater mollusks, animal plankton, worms and mussels

4. What is the original energy source for this food web?
The Sun

5. 4. All organisms basically rely on plants (producers) for energy.
Name two organisms that are competing for resources.
The heron and the seal

6. 6. What would happen if small fish were removed from the food web?
Heron, salmon and seals could decrease, mollusc’s and stonefly larva would increase

7. What is the producer? The plankton
7. Name a predator on this food web.
Heron, seal and salmon
8. Name an organism that is prey.
Small fish, stonefly larva, & shrimp
10. Name a primary, secondary and tertiary consumer.
Primary – mollusc, mussels, animal plankton, shrimp
Secondary – crab, salmon, small fish
Tertiary – heron and seal
What is the producer?
The plankton

8. 11. What terrestrial organisms are interacting with this freshwater ecosystem?
Herons and seal
12. What type of animals and plants exist in a freshwater habitat?
Herons, seals, shrimps, plankton, and crabs

9. 13. What kind of animals exist in a marine habitat?
Whales, sharks, fish, octopus, snails and squids
14. What type of animals exist in a terrestrial habitat?
Deer, rabbits, wolves, and chipmunks

10. 15. How does a food chain differ from a food web?
A food web is a way to show all food chains in an ecosystem, it is more realistic because organisms can be part of many food chains

11. 16. Create a food chain.
Sun  Grain  mouse  cat
17. What is a producer?
An organism that makes its own food
18. What is a consumer?
An organism that consumes food for its energy
19. What is an herbivore?
An organism that eats plants

12. 20. What is a carnivore?
An organism that eats other animals for energy
21. What is a decomposer?
An organism that breaks down dead organisms and returns nutrients back into the environment
22. What is a scavenger?
An organism that eats dead animals
23. What is a predator?
An organism that hunts for food

13. 24. What is prey?
An organism that is hunted
25. What is a niche?
A role or job an organism has in an environment
26. What is a population?
A group of the same species living in a habitat

14. 27. What are some adaptations that may help an organism survive is habitat?
Giraffe’s long neck to reach tall trees
Long fur in low temperatures
Scales in desert environments
Spines for protection
Tall ears to hear
Scents to attract insects for pollination
Color to warn

15. 28. What is ecological succession?
The process by which a community undergoes orderly and predictable changes following a disturbance of the habitat.
29. What factors besides competition can affect a population?
Droughts, disease, introduction of a new species, fires or other natural disasters, habitat destruction, exploitation and over hunting

16. Which animal (s) would have the greatest amount of pesticides stored within its body?
Why?
The Herring Gull (the bird)
Biomagnification - the increase in concentration of a substance that occurs in a food chain

17. Common abiotic factors:
Water, air, rock, minerals, and sand
32. What is the definition of a biotic factor?
All the living things in an ecosystem
Common biotic factors
animals, plants, bacteria and fungi

18. 33. What is carrying capacity?
How many organisms the environment can support
34. What are some examples of limiting factors?
Food, Water, Shelter

19. The sun
Tertiary consumers
decomposers
Secondary consumers
scavengers
Primary consumers
producers

20. 33. What is the difference between a primary, secondary and tertiary consumer?
A primary consumer eats plants, a secondary consumer eats a primary consumer and a tertiary consumer eats the secondary consumer

21. 34. How do producers get energy?
From the sun
Why is most life in the oceans near the surface?
It is warmer, more sunlight
36. How do consumers get energy?
By eating plants or eating animals

22. 37. Where is most of the energy in an ecosystem?
The producer, only 10% of energy moves up the energy pyramid

23. 38. Why are there fewer tertiary consumers than producers?
10% of energy is transfered as you go up trophic levels.. 90% is used up surviving