1. Morphology: Meaning Matters!
Kathy Mascuilli
ADE Literacy Program Manager
Vicki King
ADE Dyslexia Specialist
Morphology: Meaning Matters!

2. Objectives Define morphology Discuss purposes for studying morphology
Explore sequence of instruction for morphology
Participate in activities that lead to developing morphological awareness
Time : 5 minutes
Go over objectives.
Time: 10 minutes
Give participants time to take the H1 Morphological Quiz. H1

3. Word Origins Draw a circle on your paper.
Divide it into 3 parts that represent the percentage of origin that English words are made up of:
Latin
Greek
Anglo Saxon
Time: 3 minutes

4. Polyglot Greek LATIN Anglo-Saxon Specialized words-science
Combining forms
Compound words
10-12%
Technical words
Literature/textbooks
Affixed
60% of all English words
Time: 50 minutes
Polyglot- poly ( many, more than one) glot- language
Go over features of each of the word types. - H 2 Layers of English: Features of Words
Give participants TR 1 Word Origin Sort
Short, common words
Used 65% of time in English language
Most high frequency words
Base words, compound words, affixed
20-25% of all English words
H 2

5. Word Origins and Structure: Framework for Decoding and Spelling
Henry, M Unlocking Literacy
Time: 10 minutes
Discuss the slide.

6. What is morphology?
Morphology is the study of the structure and form of words in language, including inflection, derivation, and the formation of compounds. Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children
Time: 5 minutes
“Morphology” refers to the way words are formed and are related to each other. P.46 PRDYC
Latin words are affixed more frequently.
Base of a Greek word is a compound. EX. Photo graph

7. Morphological Awareness
“Morphological awareness refers to the ability to consider and manipulate consciously the smallest units of meaning in language.” - Ken Apel
Activity: TR 2 Identify the Base Word
ADD DIRECTIONS AND NOTES

8. Morphemes A morpheme is the smallest unit of meaning. Cat = 1 morpheme
Cats = 2 morphemes
Finger = 1 morpheme
interruption = 3 morphemes
Photographic = 3 morphemes
Time: 7 minutes

9. Types of Morphemes Free Morphemes Bound morphemes Base words Prefixes
Suffixes
Roots
Combining forms
Time: 5 minutes

10. Why Study Morphemes?
Time: 3 minutes
How the language is built.

11. English Language Language Structure System Grammar Semantics Phonetics
Time: 3 minutes
Phonetics
Phonology
Morphology
Syntax
Vocabulary
Discourse

12. Four Part Mental Processing System
Time: 10 minutes
Students need a phonological awareness to morphemes in spoken words.
Students need an orthographic awareness to common morphemes.
Most of the time phonology reflects spelling, so words that are morphologically related share spelling and pronunciations.
Other times, the pronunciation change systematically with morphological changes, and the underlying morphology is preserved through spelling. For example, nation –national p.73 PRDYC
Morphemes contribute to word reading.
Whether words are decomposed into morphological components before or after word recognition is still a question.
For reading morphology is especially important because it connects word forms and meaning within the structure of sentences.
For spelling morphology is important to help child transition from phonetic spelling to morphological spelling. Ex. : kist – kissed; soft

13. Reading Foundational Skills
State Standards
Reading Foundational Skills
Know and apply grade level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
K- Read common high frequency words by sight
1- Read words with inflectional endings. (indicates tense, number, and person: eg. –s , -ed, -er)
2- Decode words with common prefixes and suffixes.
Time: 3 minutes

14. Reading Foundational Skills
State Standards
Reading Foundational Skills
Know and apply grade level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
3rd grade
Identify and know the meaning of the most common prefixes and derivational suffixes ( determines the part of speech of the suffixed word.
Decode words with common Latin roots ( e.g. Port, form, ject)
Time: 3 minutes
Devivational suffixes:
ment, - ity, tion turn words to nouns
ful, -ous, and –al turn words to adverbs
ly turns words into adverbs

15. Reading Foundational Skills
State Standards
Reading Foundational Skills
Know and apply grade level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words.
4th and 5th grade
Use combined knowledge of all letter-sound correspondences, syllabication patterns, and morphology to read accurately unfamiliar multisyllabic words in and out of context.
Time: 3 minutes

16. From Theory to Application

17. Morphology Quiz Reflection
Go back to the quiz you took this morning and take 5 minutes to add, delete, or revise any of your answers.
Go over the answers with the participants.

18. Resources Unlocking Literacy by Marcia K. Henry
Preventing Reading Difficulties in Young Children by the National Research Council
Greek & Latin Roots: Keys to Building Vocabulary by Rasinski, Padak, Newton