1. Chapter 1
Into the Internet

2. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Objectives
Define the Internet
Describe how the Internet is used
Discuss the history of the Internet and the World Wide Web
Describe how individuals and businesses connect to the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

3. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Defining the Internet
The Internet is a worldwide network of computers that allows individual and business users to share information and other resources
The Internet is an interconnected network of networks where each host has a number of other computers connected to it
Users who connect to the Internet to access information are online
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

4. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Defining the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

5. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
The Internet has profoundly changed nearly every aspect of life by revolutionizing how:
People access information for personal and business use
Individual shoppers or commercial buyers purchase products and services
Students do their school work
People communicate with friends, family, colleagues, and others
Businesses interact with their customers, vendors, and business partners
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

6. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

7. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Who Uses the Internet?
Students
Businesspeople
Professionals
Homemakers
Retirees
Hobbyists
Consumers
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

8. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Internet Activities
Browsing and searching for information on the World Wide Web
Communicating with others through , chat, instant messaging, Web-based discussion groups, newsgroups, mailing lists, blogs, and other social media
Downloading and uploading files
Logging on to remote computers
Conducting business activities
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

9. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Internet Activities – The World Wide Web
Web pages – created using HTML or Web authoring software and connected by hyperlinks
Web site – collection of related Web pages
College, university, corporate, retail, non-profit, personal
Web server – computer on which Web pages are stored
Web browser – software used to view Web pages
Used to browse or "surf" the Web
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

10. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

11. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

12. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Internet Activities (cont'd)
Search tools
Web-based resource to help find specific information on the Web
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

13. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Internet Activities (cont'd)
– users send and receive text with or without attached files
Instant messaging (IM) – two or more users take turns exchanging brief messages
Internet Relay Chat (IRC) or chatting – users type text into a chat window; all users can see what other users type
Newsgroups and mailing lists – users subscribe to a newsgroup discussion or mailing list on a certain topic and receive messages about that topic
Social media – users share information, photos, links, and personal commentary using a variety of online tools
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

14. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Internet Activities (cont'd)
Downloading and uploading files – using FTP to send or retrieve electronic files from a server
Music, video, data
Logging on to a remote computer – using Telnet to log on to a remote computer to use its processing power
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

15. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

16. Chapter 1: Into the Internet
Using the Internet
Internet Activities (cont'd)
Conducting business activities
E-commerce
E-business models
B2C
B2B
B2E
C2C
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

17. History of the Internet
Origins in ARPANET
Department of Defense founded ARPA to promote computer and scientific research
J.C.R. Licklider headed computer and information research
Leonard Kleinrock developed packet switching
ARPANET – prototype network connecting ARPA and university research centers
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

18. History of the Internet
Growth and Development of ARPANET
Ray Tomlinson developed (1971)
Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn developed standard or protocol for communications over a network TCP and IP (1972)
Beyond Research, to the Public
NSFnet replaced ARPANET (1985)
Congress authorized commercial activity on the NSFnet (1992)
NSFnet moved connections to commercial network providers (1995)
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

19. History of the Internet
The Beginnings and Rise of the Web
Gopher at University of Minnesota
Directory-based system
Made it easier to find documents on Internet-connected servers
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

20. History of the Internet
The Beginnings and Rise of the Web (cont'd)
Tim Berners-Lee (1991)
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
First Web browser and Web server
Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina (1993)
Mosaic browser
Marc Andreessen and Jim Clark (1994)
Netscape Navigator browser
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

21. History of the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

22. History of the Internet
The Beginnings and Rise of the Web (cont'd)
New research networks
Internet2 (I2)
CANARIE
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

23. Connecting to the Internet
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)
Provide access to the Internet
Considerations for choosing an ISP
The speed or bandwidth of the connection
The type of connection and cost of service
Availability of customer service and technical support
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

24. Connecting to the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

25. Connecting to the Internet
Connection Methods
Dial-up access
Computer uses standard telephone lines and a modem to access the Internet
Mostly home users
Two types:
Regular dial-up
High-speed dial-up
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

26. Connecting to the Internet
Connection Methods (cont'd)
Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)
An “always on” high-speed Internet connection over standard telephone lines
Broadband transmission splitting telephone wire into data and voice
Requires firewall protection to prevent intrusion by outsiders
Home
Businesses
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

27. Connecting to the Internet
Connection Methods (cont'd)
Cable
An “always on” high-speed Internet connection over cable TV lines
Cable modem and line splitter required
Firewall protection needed
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

28. Connecting to the Internet
Connection Methods (cont'd)
Fixed wireless connections
Microwave
Line-of-sight transmission
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

29. Connecting to the Internet
Connection Methods (cont'd)
Fixed wireless connections (cont'd)
One way or two way satellite transmissions
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

30. Connecting to the Internet
Connection Methods (cont'd)
Mobile Wireless
Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) technologies to connect to networks
Wireless access point – hardware that connects wireless devices to a network
Hotspot – specific geographic location in which a wireless access point provides public Internet access
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

31. Connecting to the Internet
Connection Methods (cont'd)
Mobile Broadband (cont'd)
GSM/GPRS card installed in a computer to allow it to connect to a wireless network
Cell phones, smartphones, or PDAs can connect to the Internet
High-Speed Business Connections
Businesses typically use high-speed fiber-optic cable such as a T1 line connected to their local area network to provide Internet access to employees
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

32. Connecting to the Internet
Chapter 1: Into the Internet

33. Chapter 1
Complete