1. Notes: The Circulatory System
The circulatory system is responsible for transporting materials through the entire body

2. Functions of the Circulatory System
The circulatory system functions in the
Delivery of oxygen
Delivery of nutrient molecules
Delivery of hormones
Removal of carbon dioxide, ammonia and other metabolic wastes

3. Parts of the Circulatory System
Heart
Blood
vessels

4. Fun Facts
The Heart is an amazing organ. It's job is to pump your blood and keep the blood moving throughout your body.
Your heart beats about 100,000 times in one day and about 35 million times in a year. During an average lifetime, the human heart will beat more than 2.5 billion times

5. Heart Characteristics Fist sized Less than 1 pound
Behind and left of sternum
Surrounded by pericardium – sac filled with thin layer of fluid

6. Heart - Layers Epicardium – outermost, covered by fat
Myocardium – middle, actual cardiac muscle, contracts to pump blood
Endocardium – inner most, contact with blood, connective tissue replaceable

7. Chambers of the Heart Atria – 2, superior, receive blood
Ventricles – 2, inferior, send out blood
Atriums contract while ventricles relax.
Ventricles contract while Atriums relax

8. Make up of the heart
Blood is brought back to the heart by veins & carried away from the heart by arteries

9. Arteries

10. Structure of a vein

11. Arteries

12. Capillaries
Capillaries are tiny blood vessels. Only 1 RBC fits though at a time
Capillaries are only 1 cell thick
Capillaries connect arteries to veins.

15. Heart Pulse rate – average number of heart beats in a minutes
72 beats/min. is average for an adult
Circulation – path blood takes when moving through the body

16. Circulation - pathways
Pulmonary – takes blood to and from lungs for gas exchange
Systemic – takes oxygenated blood to rest of the body and brings deoxygenated blood back to the heart

18. Cardiac Cycle
All events associated with flow of blood in heart in one complete heart beat
Systole – contraction phase
Diastole – relaxation phase

19. Angina
Pain associated with a decrease in amount of blood going to myocardium

20. Myocardial Infarction
Heart attack
Prolonged blockage or great decrease in blood getting to the heart

21. Heart Murmur
Valves not closing properly leading to a leak

22. Arrhythmia/ Fibrillation
Irregular hear rhythms

23. Varicose Veins Valve does not work properly and blood leaks back into the vein filling it up and causing it to swell.

24. Healthy Heart
It is your job to keep your heart healthy & there are three main things you need to do:
Exercise on a regular basis. (walk, jog, run, bike, skate, jump, swim).
Eat Healthy. Stay away from high fat foods and have your cholesterol checked regularly
Don't Smoke! Don't Smoke! Don't Smoke!

25. CW: Heart Anatomy & Flow of Blood

26. AMAZING FACTS
One drop of blood contains a half a drop of plasma, 5 MILLION Red Blood Cells, 10 Thousand White Blood Cells and 250 Thousand Platelets.
You have thousands of miles of blood vessels in your body. Anywhere between 75, ,000 miles. The earths diameter is 25,000 miles. So your blood vessels could circle around the equator 3 to 4 times!
Keep your heart healthy...it's going to have to beat about 3 BILLION times during your lifetime!

28. Notes: BLOOD

29. Characteristics Metallic (even in taste) Slightly alkaline (pH 7.4)
Approximately 5 Liters

30. Fun Fact
Your body has about 5.6 liters (6 quarts) of blood. This 5.6 liters of blood circulates through the body three times every minute.

31. Functions
Medium of transport for oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste
Maintain – body temp, pH, and fluid volume
Prevent – blood loss, infections

32. Make up of Blood

33. Components of blood
Plasma – 55% of blood, fluid matrix, 90% water, non-living
Formed elements – 45% of blood, solid, living, produced by bone marrow
Erythrocytes (RBC)
Leukocytes (WBC)
Platelets

34. Red Blood Cells
Red Blood Cells are responsible for carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Red Blood Cells pick up oxygen in the lungs and transport it to all the body cells.

35. Life Span of an RBC
Life-span of an erythrocyte is only 120 days, after which they are destroyed in liver and spleen.

36. White Blood Cells (leukocytes )
are larger than erythrocytes,
They function in the cellular immune response.
White blood cells (leukocytes) are less than 1% of the blood's volume.

37. Platelets Platelets are blood cells that help stop bleeding.
When we cut ourselves we have broken a blood vessel and the blood leaks out.
To plug up the holes, the platelets start to stick to the opening of the damaged blood vessels.
As the platelets stick to the openings they attract more platelets, fibers and other blood cells to help form a plug to seal the broken blood vessel.

39. Blood Types A, B, AB, O (others are rare)
AB – universal recipient, least common
O – universal donor, most common

40. Rh Named for Rhesus Monkey Rh+ - 85%, have antigens
Rh- - 15%, don’t have antigens
-woman and +man have will have problems with pregnancy