1. Pre History Dawn of History Unit 1 Section 1
TYWL: How are societies/civilizations/nations created and developed over time?
What are the lasting impacts of ancient civilizations and empires in terms of their development and growth?

2. Archaeologist Study Artifacts to learn about early peoples Historian
Studies Written Documents to understand the past
Genealogist
study history through DNA

3. Paleolithic or Old Stone Age
Ice Age: Siberian Land Bridge 13,000 B.C  (BCE)
(approx. 2 million BCE) to about 10,000 BCE.
1st humans  Africa
Mary & Louis Leaky & Donald Johanson
dates from the first stone tool makers

4. Oldest human footprints in the world unearthed at Laetoli, near Olduvai Gorge, in Tanzinia.

5. Lucy: oldest & most complete skeletons discovered by Don Johanson in Ethiopia

6. Otzi, the oldest mummy ever unearthed, was found in the Italian Alps in 1991.
Scientists were thrilled to find he had remained frozen, and almost perfectly preserved, for thousands of years.

7. Characteristics of Paleolithic Period
People: hunters and gatherers-Nomadic
Lived in small groups of about people
Sexual division of labor
Developed simple tools (stone, bone or wood)
Invented clothing
Cave paintings & religious rituals
ANIMISM
spirit forces lived with in Nature and Animals
Buried dead with great care

8. Neolithic Period Approx. 10,000 began to farm (Slash & burn)
Life became more sedentary & permanent villages developed
Seed planting & animal domestication
Agricultural Revolution led to growth in population

9. Characteristics of Neolithic Period
Councils of elders  decisions
Gender Roles
Men – worked fields,  herd animals
Women – children, weaving,  cooking
Religion
Based on sun, moon
Goal: ensure fertility: Theirs & Land
Personal property: Class System
Calendar invented
Animals used in field work
Emergence of civilizations

10. EARLY INVENTIONS METAL AND TRANSPORTATION
Neolithic Period
Copper
Later Periods
Bronze Age – (3000 BC)
Copper and Tin alloy
Swords, Axes, Shields
Plow
Iron Age – (1000 BC)
Iron and Carbon
More affordable than tin

12. Skara Brae An early Neolithic village