1. Chapter 22
Germany Unites

2. Where are the Germans?
City-states (also known as the Confederation of the Rhine):
Austria
Prussia
And many others
Who was ruling these city-states at this time?

3. German Nationalism
You speak German, I speak German, let’s be friends!

4. Germany #1 Lots of Iron and Coal! Rapidly growing population
Founded manufacturing companies and building railroads
*Zollverein: United by economics
How is this different from other nations?

5. Otto Von Bismarck Foreign Policies: Keep France weak
Create strong ties with Austria and Russia
Do NOT compete with the British Navy
Domestic Policies:
Loyalty to the state

6. Ultimate goal of Bismarck
Unite Germany under Prussian rule
In his famous “blood and iron” speech, he speaks of conquering other nations and RealPolitik

7. Realpolitik Power over principle
Policies that addressed the needs of the people
Do whatever it takes to solve the problem
Who does this remind you of?

8. Two enemies Catholic Church
Their loyalty is to the Pope instead of the German state
Pass laws that increase the state’s power over the church’s actions
Kulturkampf (laws to ensure Catholics put loyalty to the state above allegiance to the Church)

9. Enemy #2
Socialists
Bismarck worried that Socialist would start a revolution among the German workers
No Propaganda allowed! (Shut down newspapers, banned meetings)

10. “Please still like me” Bismarck creates Social Welfare Programs
Public Transportation
Public Schools
Electricity
Old Age Insurance

11. Do these policies stop the enemy?
The Social Democratic Party??

12. Wars Austro-Prussian War: Established Prussia as dominant German state
Franco-Prussian War: United Northern and Southern Germany

13. Reich – German word meaning empire or nation
First Reich: The Holy Roman Empire
Second Reich: German Empire
Why do leaders in many German states urge William I of Prussia to take the title Kaiser?

14. Lorraine and Alsace
These two places are between France and Germany and both countries claim them.

15. Bismarck wrote a constitution and set up a two-house legislature.
Bundesrat had veto power over the Reichstag
Real power remained with the emperor and chancellor.