1. Aim #7: What do scientists do during experiments?
Date: September 16, 2016
Aim #7: What do scientists do during experiments?
HW:
Packet Page 8
Quiz- Scientific Method next Wed/Thurs (day of double period)
Do Now: Design a controlled experiment to test the effect of sunlight on height of a tomato plant.
State the hypothesis
Identify the control group
Identify the dependent and independent variable
Identify some factors you would keep constant

2. What do scientists do during experiments?
They collect Data

3. Data Collection
Data generally refers to the results of trials, or tests,
completed during experiments.
A data table is an important initial stage in making sense
of the information you will collect while doing an experiment.

4. How can we organize this information?
A data table makes organizing data easier to read and study

5. Data Tables
Independent
Dependent
The independent variable ALWAYS is written in the LEFT column and the DEPENDENT variable in the RIGHT.

6. Procedure:
Half the students will measure their heart rate for 1 minute
during rest and write it on a piece of paper.
Half the students will be instructed to complete 30
Jumping Jacks.
Those students who completed the Jumping Jacks will
measure their heart rate for one minute and write it on a
piece of paper.

7. Our Results: Group A Group B Students at rest HR 1 2 3
Students after 30 JJ HR 1 2 3
AVG=
AVG=

8. Let’s Graph!!!

9. Why do scientists utilize graphs?
A carefully constructed graph can provide us with a large
amount of information quickly.
It also allows us to carefully analyze our results from an
experiment.

10. Types of Graphs:
Line Graph
What is this graph telling us?

11. Types of Graphs:
Pie Graph
What is this graph telling us?

12. Types of Graphs:
Bar Graph
Histogram
What is each graph telling us?

13. Date: September 19, 2016
Aim #7: What do scientists do during experiments?
HW:
Graphing Practice
Quiz- Scientific Method next Wed/Thurs (day of double period)
Do Now: Design a controlled experiment to test the effect of sunlight on height of a tomato plant.
Set up an appropriate data table

14. Reviewing Homework Practice Regents Questions

15. Base your answer to the following question on the information below and on your knowledge of biology.
You are the head of the research division of the Leafy Lettuce Company. Your company is experimenting with growing lettuce using hydroponic technology. Hydroponic technology involves growing plants in containers of growth solution in a greenhouse. No soil is used. The growth solution that the company uses contains water, nitrogen, and phosphorus. The company wants to know if adding iron to this formula will improve lettuce growth.
Briefly describe how to test the effect of the formula with iron added. In your description be sure to:
State a hypothesis to be tested in the new experiment.
State how the control group will be treated differently from the experimental group.
Identify two factors that must be kept the same in both the experimental and control groups.
State what type of data should be collected to support or refute the hypothesis.

16. A television advertisement claims that a certain brand of cough drop reduces coughing for 8 hours. Describe an investigation that could be used to determine if this claim is valid.
In your answer, include a description of:
The treatment to be given to the experimental group.
The treatment to be given to the control group.
The data to be collected
When the data should be collected
One observation that would lead to the conclusion that the claim is valid.

17. Many people who are in favor of alternative medicine claim that large doses of vitamin C introduced into a vein speed up the healing of surgical wounds. Describe an experiment to test this hypothesis.
Your answer must include at least:
The difference between the experimental group of subjects and the control group.
Two conditions that must be kept constant in both groups.
Data that should be collected
An example of experimental results that would support the hypothesis.

18. Let’s Graph the Results from our Experiment:
We will be making a line
graph from our results.
We will graph the average
heart rate for the control
group and the
experimental group.

19. Rules for Constructing Graphs:
Rule 1: The dependent variable is plotted on the vertical,
Y-Axis.
Rule 2: The Independent Variable is plotted on the horizontal, X-Axis.
Rule 3: The spacing between the numbers on both axes
must be in equal increments.

20. Our Graph: The Effects of Exercise on Heart Rate Y Dependent Variable
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable
120
Average Heart Rate
(Beats per minute) 80 40 10 20 30 40
Number of Jumping Jacks

21. What are our results?
Our results indicate that heart rate increased after the
students performed 30 jumping jacks.

22. What is our conclusion? Was the hypothesis supported or rejected?
This experiment supported our hypothesis. Physical
exercise (Jumping Jacks) increases a person’s heart rate.

23. Let’s Practice Graphing

24. Technique for Constructing a Line Graph
1. Identify the variables to be plotted
Independent variable
the variable manipulated by the experimenter
is plotted on the x-axis (horizontal axis)
Dependent variable
the factor responding to changes in the independent variable
plotted on the y-axis (vertical axis)
2. Determine the scale of the axes
Determine each axis individually
May easily be determined by taking the largest value to be plotted and dividing by the number of blocks and then rounding up to the nearest convenient number
The graph should be spread to occupy the most available space.
3. Number and label each axis indicating the appropriate units.
4. Plot each data value on the graph with a point.
5. Draw a line that best fits the data points.
Do not connect data points to the origin unless there is data to support this
Only connect the points if the directions tell you to do so.
6. Provide a title which clearly indicates what the graph is about.
If the graph has more than one set of data, provide a key to indicate what is represented by the different lines.