1. :Illinois History:
//a whirlwind tour//

2. After Cahokia Other native tribes inhabited Illinois Miami Potowatomee
Peoria
Illiniwek
Not a single tribe, but a native word that means “men” or “people”
The French pronounced it “Illinois” (ILL-in-WAH)
Fox
Chippewa

3. After Cahokia
Illinois was eventually explored by two French missionaries (1673 CE)
“Pere” Marquette
Marquette University
Hotel in Peoria
Louis Joliet
Town in northern Illinois
They got along pretty well with natives

4. European colonization
Illinois became a French territory from
Part of Louisiana Territory
Passed to British in 1763
Given to USA in 1783
Became part of “Northwest Territory”

5. Northwest Territory

6. Northwest territory Large area, small population NT Government
In 1788, only 5,000 white male settlers (voting citizens)
NT Government
1 governor
House of Reps (22)
Council (5)
Slavery was outlawed, but settlers “owned” black indentured servants for up to 99 years

7. Statehood In 1818, Illinois became the 21st state
US settlement began in south
Cairo and Cahokia, IL (“Little Egypt”)
“Southern culture”
Passed laws to prohibit black settlers (1853)
US settlers moved northward
building towns
driving natives away
Chicago did not become largest city until 1857

8. Important illinoisans // mormons (1839-1846)
Mormon settlers built Nauvoo, IL
Trying to escape persecution
Nauvoo was one of Illinois’ largest cities (12,000)
Large stone temple was largest building in Illinois
Mormon leader (Joseph Smith) was murdered in 1844
Brigham Young led most Nauvoo Mormons to Utah (then part of Mexico)

9. Important Illinoisans // Lincoln and civil war soldiers
Abraham Lincoln began his career in Illinois
Lawyer, state legislator, and finally POTUS
Most divisive POTUS ever (caused Civil War!)
Illinois sent 250,000 soldiers to Civil War
4th most of any Union state!
15% of population
Illinois provided the top Union general, U.S. Grant