1. Acids and Bases

2. pH Scale
scale used to determine how acidic or basic a liquid solution is
Range 0-14
Acids are under 7
7 is Neutral (pure water)
Bases are over 7

3. Compounds that increase the number of hydronium ions (H3O+) when mixed with water
pH is under 7
Strong acids can be corrosive (destroy, eat thru)
Ex: sulphuric acid
Weak acids are sour
Ex: lemon juice
Turns indicators RED-ish colors
Acids

4. Compounds with an increase of hydroxide ions (OH-) when mixed with water
pH is over 7
Strong bases can be corrosive (Drano)
weak bases have a bitter taste (salt water)
Turns indicators BLUE-ish colors
Bases

5. Neutrals
Neither acidic nor basic
pH is equal to 7
Ex: pure water

6. Concentration Refers to how strong the acid or base is
Can be reduced by adding water
Ex: the more salt you add to water, the higher the concentration (more salty)

7. Mixing Acids and Bases Acids and bases neutralize each other
(cancel each other out)
When an acid and a base mix, water and salt form
Ex: Base 13 and Acid 1 balance out to 7 (neutral)
Mixing Acids and Bases

8. Plants and animals are sensitive to pH changes in soil and water (biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere)
Each variety of plant/animal require a specific range of pH for survival
To much acid or base could be deadly to plant/animal
pH and the Environment

9. Acids and Bases are produced in the body for proper
Digestion
Balance of blood pH
Muscle repair
Lack of balance potentially leads to illness/disease
pH and Human Health