1. 5-6 Notes: Biotechnology
Chapter 9

2. Gene Therapy
Gene Therapy - the replacement of faulty genes in humans

3. Gene Therapy Gene Therapy - the replacement of faulty genes in humans
Attempts to replace defective or missing genes or add new genes to treat a disease.

4. Gene Therapy Diseases currently Treated with Gene Therapy:
Cystic fibrosis
Hemophilia
Cancer

5. Biotechnology
Scientist change an organism’s DNA to give it new traits.
Possible because all organisms have the same Genetic Code

6. What are the benefits?
Medicines
Agriculture Advancements

7. Restriction Enzymes “Cuts” DNA Act like molecular “scissors”
Lets scientist take out and insert a new gene

8. Genetic Engineering Restriction enzymes cut out a specific gene
Gene is inserted into new organism

9. Transgenic Organism (Genetically Modified Organism)
Has one or more foreign genes inserted in it’s DNA

10. Example Transgenic Organism
Transgenic bacteria used to make insulin

11. Example Transgenic Organism
Transgenic bacteria used to make insulin
Human insulin gene is cut out of human DNA

12. Example Transgenic Organism
Transgenic bacteria used to make insulin
Human insulin gene is cut out of human DNA
Insulin inserted into Bacteria DNA

13. Example Transgenic Organism
Transgenic bacteria used to make insulin
Human insulin gene is cut out of human DNA
Insulin inserted into Bacteria DNA
Bacteria makes the Human protein the gene coded for

14. Uses of Transgenic Organisms
Transgenic plants used in agriculture

15. Uses of Transgenic Organisms
Transgenic plants used in agriculture
Creates crops resistant to frost, diseases, drought, and insects

16. Uses of Transgenic Organisms
Transgenic plants used in agriculture
Creates crops resistant to frost, diseases, drought, and insects
Food produced more quickly and cheaply

17. Uses of Transgenic Organisms
Medical: Bacteria with human DNA make human proteins or vaccines
Corn with hepatitis vaccine inserted

18. Uses of Transgenic Organisms
Medical: Bacteria with human DNA make human proteins or vaccines
Corn with hepatitis vaccine inserted
Bioremediation: GM
bacteria that break down
oil, mercury, radioactive
waste etc.

19. Concerns about Genetic Engineering
possible long-term health effects of eating GM foods
possible effects of GM (genetically modified) plants on ecosystems and biodiversity