1. OVERTRAINING Amount and Intensity of Training
Physiological Considerations
Psychological Considerations

2. Amount and Intensity of Training
Overtraining occurs as a result of ongoing training without adequate recovery.
It may be due to training loads that are too high in intensity, sessions occurring too frequently without adequate recovery periods or phases of training and competition that are too long.
This results in more damage to tissue and not enough time to repair it.

3. Amount and Intensity of Training
Fatigue, tiredness and poor motivation are not always indicators of overtraining.
Athletes training regularly sometimes do become tired and run-down.
Overtraining should be suspected when a rapid decline in performance is not remedied by more rest, alternative practices and a good diet.

4. Physiological Considerations
Signs and symptoms:
Decline in physical performance
Loss of muscle strength
Loss of coordination
Decrease in maximal aerobic capacity
Injury
Poor eating habits
Feelings of lethargy and fatigue
Increased susceptibility to common illnesses
Consistent muscle soreness or stiffness

5. Psychological Considerations
Signs and symptoms:
Loss of motivation and enthusiasm
Mood swings, such as depression, anger and anxiety
Sleep disturbances
Decreased self esteem
Social withdrawal
Emotional instability

6. Prevention of Overtraining
Three main approaches
Periodisation
Recovery time
Training volumes and intensities

7. Periodisation
The body adapts and improves in response to progressive overload, but the body and mind have limits.
Incorporating sufficient periods of recovery and scheduling them at the appropriate times of the year helps to prevent athletes experiencing the negative effects of overtraining.

8. Recovery Time Give sufficient time between training sessions.
Physical adaptations such as muscle fibre growth and repair as a result of resistance training occur in the days immediately following training.

9. Training Volumes and Intensities
Training volumes and intensities are appropriately and progressively overloaded on the athlete.