1. SUSPECTED RESISTANCE TO ALBENDAZOLE IN FASCIOLA GIGANTICA NATURALLY INFECTING CATTLE IN TANZANIA Jahashi Nzalawahe1*, Ayub A. Kassuku1, James R. Stothard2, Hannah Rose3, Gerald C. Coles3, Mark C. Eisler3 1 Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania 2Department of Parasitology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK 3School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Langford house, Langford, Bristol, UK.

2. BACKGROUND
Large scale farmers (Improved dairy breeds)
Small scale farmers (Improved dairy breeds)
Traditional farmers (Traditional breeds)

3. Control of Fasciola gigantica infections in cattle greatly achieved by the use fasciolicides world wide.

4. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN
60 cattle with concurrent infections of Fasciola and paramphistomes in each District were randomly allocated into six experimental groups

5. Animal identification

6. Treatment of animals

7. Post-treatment collection of faecal samples
Day of treatment
Days 7, 14 and 28

8. DATA ANALYSIS Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test (FECR)
Flukicide was considered effective when calculated FECR was ≥ 95% and 95% lower confidence limit (LCL) was ≥ 90%
Day 14 post-treatment EPG results were used in FECR calculations

9. Efficiencies of flukicides against Fasciola
Arumeru District
Albendazole
Nitroxynil
Oxyclozanide
Closantel
Triclabendazole
FECR%
49%
100%
95% LCL
-3%
Iringa District
Albendazole
Nitroxynil
Oxyclozanide
Closantel
Triclabendazole
FECR%
89%
100%
95% LCL
50%

10. Efficiencies of flukicides against paramphistomes
Arumeru District
Albendazole
Nitroxynil
Oxyclozanide
Closantel
Triclabendazole
FECR%
50%
79%
99%
31%
95% LCL 0%
33%
95%
25%
Iringa District
Albendazole
Nitroxynil
Oxyclozanide
Closantel
Triclabendazole
FECR%
29%
-15%
99%
79%
62%
95% LCL 0%
95%
19%

11. CONCLUSIONS
Nitroxynil, oxyclozanide, closantel and triclabendazole were highly (100%) effective to Fasciola infection
Oxyclozanide was the only drug effective against paramphistomes
Reduced efficacy of albendazole to Fasciola infection

12. ACKNOWLEDGMENT Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA)
Leverhulme Royal Society African Award Scheme
Supervisors: - Prof: Mark Eisler (University of Bristol)
- Prof: Ayub Kassuku (SUA, Tanzania)
Global Farm Platform