1. Links

2. Change: Marriages, Families, Work and Gender
Chapter 9, 11, and 12

3. Chapter 9 Marriage as Gendered Institution
Relationships and Marriage are Changing, as they always have
Why? How? Examples

4. Changing Values and Meanings: The 1800’s and Sex and Relationships
Why did fertility rates drop significantly from 1800 to 1900?
Gendered Love/Sex Binary?
The Idea of opposite sexes emerges in 19th century
The Introduction of the sexual double standard
The good girl/bad girl dichotomy and social class

5. The 1900’s-Sex for Pleasure
Courtship/Calling  Dating/Treating –Why did men pay for women?
Going steady? Parking? Pinning? Necking?
A women’s value begins to change in the 1920’s “The duty of the woman is to attract”
Love becomes important to relationships paving the way for early aspects of gender equality
The “soul mate” emerges

6. Marriage
What is the purpose of marriage? Why/for what reasons did people get married for thousands of years?
Patriarch/property marriages  Traditional Marriage and the family wage  Partnership Marriages
The family decline vs the family resiliency perspectives

7. Separate And Unequal Spheres
Separate spheres
The cult of domesticity
Housewife’s blight
How is the breadwinner/housewife model potentially unequal? How is it a form of modified patriarchy?
The “funny 50’s” were short-lived and fell quickly around the time that the feminine mystique was published and many second wave feminists believed that traditional marriage did not provide a basis for equality

8. Work and Family Today
The Service and information economy and modern day trends
Dual earner couples; age of marriage; divorce; single parenthood; freedom to love; gay marriages; Childlessness
The partnership marriage
Changing family forms and ideas about marriage
Thesis: Social Forces and Family Change

9. Chapter 11-Families
People have more freedom than ever to arrange relationships the way they wish…but why do women have a more troubled relationship to marriage than do men, on average
Stats on page 247
“ If marriage is better for women than ever, why do married women report lower levels of happiness than married men or single women?”
Groups

10. Group Discussion
How does gender continue to be an organizing Principle of family life?
How does the media send message bout who is supposed to do what?
What family tasks are masculine and feminine? Do you see this in your daily family life or observing others?
Who is or should be the primary caretaker of children and the home?
Why are married women less happy than married men? Why the stats on page 247?
Why does gendered job segregation exist? What forces push men and women into different majors and careers?
What jobs are highly segregated?

11. Gendered Housework and Parenting
The Second Shift and time use study data
Childcare and housework in pop culture and feminized labor
All male households and divvying up chores? Linguistics and gay dads
Ideal and actual divisions of labor
Sharing and specialization

12. Ideological and Institutional Barriers to Equal Sharing
Traditionalists
Ideology of intensive motherhood
Neo Traditionalists
What are the institutional pressures towards neo Traditionalism?
Egalitarians
How do couples build a sharing Relationship?
Outsourcing; Turning away from work together

13. Housework, Parenting, and Power
Loss of Status and interpersonal power
The economic vulnerability of caregivers
Working poor
The feminization of Poverty
The Downside of outsourcing
The Care chain

14. Chapter 12: Work
Most women now work and regard a high paying job as important
The importance of the civil rights act to women in 1964
“If women now have equal protection in the workplace, why aren’t they as successful as men at work”?
I.e.: 96% of CEO’s, 86% of Executive Officers, and 84% of corporate officers in Fortune 500 companies are men
The Gender Pay Gap

15. Inequality in The Workplace-Social Factors
Gendered Job Segregation
Causes: The Socialization Hypothesis
The Network Hypothesis
The Employer Selection Hypothesis
The Desertion Hypothesis
The androcentric pay scale
The masculinization of wealth

16. Discrimination and Preferential Treatment
Hostile and benevolent sexism
Symbolic threat
The double Bind
Invisible Instructions
The glass ceiling, The glass cliff, and the glass Escalator

17. Conclusion
Gender inequality is a lived experience in marriages, families, and workplaces
Sexism, androcentrism, and subordination play a role in how people experience their relationships, home lives, and work lives
Gendered ideas structure our lives and create difference and inequality, which is clearly not always good for women, but it is not always good for men either.