1. Protista
Green, Red, and Brown Algae, Sporozoans, Water Molds, Unicellular Flagellates
Jade Bryngelson

2. Green Algae Cholorophyta = “Green Plants” Dark to light green in color
Contains
Chlorophyll A
Chlorophyll B
Can be one celled or multicelled
Both marine and freshwater algae
Found in lighter abundant areas
Difference
Classified in plant (Plante) Kingdom
Color determined by pigments that give it yellow
Found in shallow water, where brown and red are found in ocean more often
Unicellular typically have a simpler life cycle and can reproduce faster

3. Green Algae Cont. 4,022 species Uses Sea Lettuce Dead man’s fingers
Important food source for fish
Food coloring
Cancer treatments
Reduce Global Warming..?
As sea ice melts, iron is introduced to the ocean. This fuels the growth of algae, which absorb carbon dioxide, which could reduce the effects of global warming.

4. Red Algae Rhodophyta = “Red Plants” Red or purplish in color
Big variety of pigments
Most important – phycoerithrin
Provides red pigment
Can be found deeper in the ocean because of pigments
Can be one-celled or multicelled
Difference from other algae
Cells lack flagella
Pigments- cholorophyll a, phycobiliproteins, red phycoerythrin, blue phycocyanin, carotenes, lutein, and zeaxanthin
Absorbs blue, reflects red

5. Red Algae Cont. Commonly found in coral reefs 6,000 species Uses
Irish moss
Dulse
Lavor
Coralline
Uses
Eaten by fish and humans
Some make sushi and pudding
Food additives
Treat herpes virus
Coralline- help build tropical reefs, look a lot like coral
Irish moss-pudding

6. Brown Algae Phaeophyta = “dusky plants” Largest, most complex
Usually brown, olive, or yellow in color
Contains
Chlorophyll A
Chlorophyll C
Fucoxanthin
Often rooted to a stationary structure
Rock, shell or dock = holdfast
Fucoxanthin- gives it its color, not found in other algae plants

7. Brown Algae Cont. Multicellular Marine 1,800 species Kelp Seaweeds
Focus
Sargassum
Uses
Fish and Food
Focus- “rockweeds” “wracks”
Sargassum- big floating mats, Sargasso Sea in middle of North Atlantic Ocean holds many of these
Uses-Eaten by some fish, bottom-dwelling fish use them when they sink, food thickeners and fillers

8. Sporozoans Apicomplexa Parasites No physical form of movement
Complex life cycle including:
Mammalian host
Invertebrate host
Mosquito
Animation
Can be moved in the currents of blood by their hosts

9. Unicellular Flagellates
Move with the use of flagella
May live as single cells or parasites
Almost any watery area on
earth contains many flagellates
Important to marine food chain
Mix of features
Some are plant-like, but
others can be mixed
Life cycle unknown
Plant, animal and fungal features. Provide clues to multicellular evolution

10. Water Molds Oomycota = “Egg Fungi” Always found in wet environments
Long considered fungi because:
Produce fungi-like filaments
Feed on decaying tissue (rotting logs, mulch)
Differ from fungi:
Cell wall made of cellulose instead of chitin
Gene sequences are different
Appear to come from brown algae which lost its ability to photosynthesize
Environments- especially fresh water sources near upper layer of soil

11. Water Molds Cont. Species Saprolegnia, Achyla Downy Mildews
Fish parasites
Downy Mildews
Damage grapes/other crops
Phytophthora infestans
Destroys potato crop
Phytophthora ramorum
Killing many oaks