1. TOPIC: Cell Processes
AIM: Explain the two types of respiration.
Do Now:
Take out your cell respiration reading notes.
Label cell organelles in you cell organelles notes.
HW: Chemistry Castle Learning?????

2. Cell membrane
Cell wall
cytoplasm
vacuole ER
nucleus
chloroplast
centrioles
mitochondria

3. 1. Describe the process of cell respiration.
Glucose is broken down to make ENERGY available for cellular activity.

4. 2. Identify the two types of cellular respiration.
Aerobic and anaerobic respiration

5. 3. Where does aerobic respiration occur in a cell?
Begins in the cytoplasm and ends in the MITOCHONDRIA.

6. EQUATION C6H12O6 + 6O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP Oxygen Glucose
Carbon dioxide
Water
Energy
Product
Waste Products
Raw materials

7. 4. Identify the raw materials used by aerobic respiration.
Glucose
Oxygen

8. 5. Identify the waste products released by aerobic respiration.
Water and carbon dioxide

9. 6. Identify the number of ATP produced as a result of aerobic respiration.36

10. 7. Identify the major difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Aerobic respiration USES OXYGEN while anaerobic respiration DOES NOT use oxygen.

11. 8. Identify another name for anaerobic respiration.
FERMENTATION

12. 9. Where does fermentation occur in a cell?
Cytoplasm

13. 10. Identify the 2 types of fermentation.
Lactic acid fermentation
Alcoholic fermentation

14. 11. Identify the raw materials of fermentation.
Glucose

15. EQUATION C6H12O6  Lactic acid + 2ATP Energy Glucose Waste Product
Raw material

16. 12. Identify the waste product released as a result of lactic acid fermentation.

17. 13. Identify the number of ATP produced as a result of lactic acid fermentation.

18. 14. Identify the types of cells that lactic fermentation occurs.
Muscle cells
Bacteria

19. 15. Describe the effect of lactic acid fermentation in humans.
Causes muscles to burn
Muscle fatigue

20. C6H12O6  lactic acid + 2ATP

21. Yogurt Sour cream Buttermilk
16. Identify substances that can be produced by lactic acid fermentation in bacteria.
Yogurt
Sour cream
Buttermilk

22. 17. Identify the organism in which alcoholic fermentation occurs.
Yeast

23. EQUATION C6H12O6 Ethyl Alcohol + CO2 + 2ATP Carbon dioxide Glucose
Energy
Raw material
Waste Products

24. Ethyl alcohol (beer and wine)
18. Identify substances that can be produced as a result of alcoholic fermentation.
Carbon dioxide
Ethyl alcohol (beer and wine)

25. 19. Identify the number of ATP produced as a result of alcoholic fermentation.

26. Can occur in muscle cells when oxygen is not present.
Let’s review: Choose AEROBIC or ANAEROBIC or BOTH for the statements below.
Produces 2ATP.
Utilizes oxygen.
Can occur in muscle cells when oxygen is not present.
Release lactic acid as waste.
Produces 36 ATP.
Occurs in mitochondria.
Also known as fermentation.
Release CO2 and H2O as wastes.
Can cause muscle fatigue.
ANAEROBIC
AEROBIC
ANAEROBIC
ANAEROBIC
AEROBIC
AEROBIC
ANAEROBIC
AEROBIC
ANAEROBIC

27. 10. Occurs only in the cytoplasm. 11. Glucose is a raw material.
12. Can release alcohol as a waste.
13. Most efficient.
14. Can occur in yeast.
15. Can occur in bacteria.
16. Does not use oxygen.
17. Release energy used for all life processes.
ANAEROBIC
BOTH
ANAEROBIC
AEROBIC
ANAEROBIC
ANAEROBIC
AEROBIC
AEROBIC

28. C6H12O O2  6CO H2O + ATP
Carbon dioxide
Oxygen
Glucose
Water
Energy
Identify the equation above. Support your answer.
Identify the location of this process within a cell.
Identify the raw materials of this process.
Identify the WASTE PRODUCTS of this process.
Identify the product used to carry on life activities.
How many ATP are produced?
Aerobic respiration – oxygen is used
mitochondria
Glucose and oxygen
Carbon dioxide and water
ATP 36

29. C6H12O6  lactic acid + ATP
Identify the equation above. Support your answer.
Identify the location of this process within a cell.
Identify the raw materials of this process.
Identify the WASTE PRODUCTS of this process.
Identify the product used to carry on life activities.
How many ATP are produced as a result of this process?
Anaerobic respiration – no oxygen is used
cytoplasm
glucose
Lactic acid
ATP 2

30. C6H12O6  lactic acid + ATP
7. Identify the cell in which this process occurs in animals.
8. Identify the effect this process has in animals.
9. Identify the unicellular organism in which this process occurs.
10. Identify the substances produced by the unicellular organism.
Muscle cells
Muscle fatigue
Bacteria
Yogurt, sour cream, buttermilk

31. Animal and Plant Cells Venn Diagram Review
Directions: Fill in the differences and similarities between animal and plant cells.
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
Both
animal and plant cells
No centrioles
Centrioles
Larger vacuoles
Smaller vacuoles
mitochondria
ribosomes
No chloroplasts
Chloroplasts ER
nucleus
No cell wall
Cell wall
cell membrane
Heterotrophic
Autotrophic
cytoplasm

32. Lab: Characteristics of Life
Work with your 6 o’clock partner.
Determine the life process described by each statement and fill in your answers in the spaces provided.
At each station, you will:
Circle the characteristics you observe
Determine the condition (alive, dead, dormant, a product of a living thing, or never alive)
Write a reason for your decision.
You will continue the lab tomorrow. The entire lab must be completed and handed in by the end of the period tomorrow

33. 36 2 2 NO NO YES C6H12O6 C6H12O6 O6 C6H12O6 CO2, H2O, ATP Lactic acid
Aerobic Cellular Respiration
Lactic Acid Fermentation
Alcoholic Fermentation
Does it require oxygen?
Raw materials
Products
Location inside a cell
Amount of ATP made in the cell
Types of cells where it occurs NO
YES NO
C6H12O6 O6
C6H12O6
C6H12O6
CO2, H2O, ATP
Lactic acid
ATP
Alcohol, CO2
ATP
cytoplasm
cytoplasm
mitochondria 36 2 2
muscle cells
bacteria
yeast

34. Let’s summarize…
Explain why the process of respiration is so important.
Explain the difference between the two types of respiration.
What nutrient is used in both types of respiration?
Which type of respiration is more efficient?

35. In the presence of oxygen, _____ molecules of ATP can be formed.
(1.)2      
(2.) 19        
(3.) 36          
(4.) 63

36. Where do the final stages of aerobic respiration appear to take place
Where do the final stages of aerobic respiration appear to take place? (1.) along the endoplasmic reticulum
(2.) in the cytoplasm (3.) on the surface of ribosomes
(4.) within the mitochondria

37. During aerobic respiration, the chemical energy of a glucose molecule is gradually released, producing 36 ATP and
(1.) NH3 and O2        
(2.) NH3 and CO2 
(3.) H2O and O2
(4.) H20 and CO2

38. Aerobic respiration and fermentation are similar in that BOTH processes (1.) require oxygen
(2.) use light energy (3.) release energy
(4.) produce glucose

39. The net yield of ATP from the process of fermentation is
(1.) 2
(2.) 4
(3.) 34
(4.) 36

40. Which process yields lactic acid and small amounts of usable energy? (1.) photosynthesis
(2.) aerobic respiration
(3.) anaerobic respiration
(4.) chemosynthesis

41. Muscles cells engaged in vigorous activity build up relatively high concentrations of (1.) lactic acid
(2.) pyruvic acid
(3.) alcohol
(4.) oxygen

42. Yeast cells undergoing anaerobic respiration produce carbon dioxide and (1.) water
(2.) ethyl alcohol
(3.) nitrogen
(4.) glucose

43. These groups of cells represent different
(1) tissues in which similar cells function together
(2) organs that help to carry out a specific life activity
(3) systems that are responsible for a specific life activity
(4) organelles that carry out different functions.

44. Which structure permits the entry and exit of materials in an animal cell?
1. lysosome chromosome
3. cell wall cell membrane

45. Whitney observes a cell under the microscope
Whitney observes a cell under the microscope. She identifies it as a green plant cell and not a cheek cell because of a
(1.) nucleus
(2.) cell membrane
(3.) cell wall
(4.) mitochondrion

46. Which structure is found ONLY in animal cells?
(1.) cell wall
(2.) vacuoles
(3.) centrioles
(4.) chloroplasts

47. The organelle most closely associated with the manufacture of proteins within the cell is the
(1.) ribosome
(2.) nucleolus
(3.) cell wall
(4.) cell membrane

48. The organelle that assists in the transport of materials throught the cell is known as
(1.) ribosome
(2.) nucleolus
(3.) endoplasmic reticulum
(4.) cell membrane

49. The organelle where the synthesis of proteins occur is called the
(1.) nucleolus
(2.) ribosome
(3.) nucleus
(4.) endoplasmic reticulum

50. Organelles which store materials within a cell are called
(1.) nuclei
(2.) ribosomes
(3.) centrioles
(4.) vacuoles

51. Autotrophic nutrition occurs in
(1.) mitochondria.
(2.) ribosomes.
(3.) chloroplasts.
(4.) vacuoles.

52. Identify the cell structure that provides rigidity and support to plant cells.
(1.) chloroplasts
(2.) ribosomes
(3.) cell wall
(4.) endoplasmic reticulum

53. Identify the cell structure that is selectively permeable.
(1.) plasma membrane
(2.) cell wall
(3.) nucleus
(4.) mitochondria

54. All of the following are cell organelles except the
(1.) nucleus
(2.) cytoplasm
(3.) mitochondria
(4.) endoplasmic reticulum

55. Which statement regarding vacuoles is incorrect?
(1.) Vacuoles are used for storing materials within a cell.
(2.) The vacuoles in plant cells are smaller than animal cell vacuoles.
(3.) Animal cells have more vacuoles than plant cells.
(4.) Vacuoles can move around the cells along with the cytoplasm.

56. Which statement regarding the cell membrane is incorrect?
(1.) It is selectively permeable.
(2.) It prevents harmful substances from entering the cell.
(3.) It is a living part of the cell.
(4.) It separates the cell organelles from the external environment.