1. Force & Motion

2. How is motion described and measured?
Lesson 1:
Vocabulary Words
position
motion
speed

3. Changing Position
Position is the location of an object. It is where something is. Some position do not
change, like your nose in the middle
of your face.
But some positions do change,
like your body, or a caterpillar
crawling on a leaf.

4. Changing Position
What is the position of the shortest women in the picture? Will her position change?

5. Changing Position
The woman standing in the line will change position. Motion is a change of position.
So when the women in the
line moves up to another
position, she demonstrates
motion.

6. Measuring Motion Motion is measured by speed.
Speed is how far something moves over a certain amount of time.
A radar gun measures the speed of moving
cars.

7. distance ÷ time = average speed
Measuring Motion
To find the speed of an object. You need to measure the distance and time of the object.
distance = the change in an object’s position
time = how long it takes the object to move to
that position.
distance ÷ time = average speed

8. distance ÷ time = average speed
Measuring Motion
Example: Find the average speed of a car if it has traveled 300 km in 5 hours.
Remember:
distance ÷ time = average speed
300 km ÷ 5 hr = _________

9. Comparing Speeds Speed may change from moment to moment.
Look at the horses below. The speeds of these two horses are different.

10. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qNR5wDGsG- c&feature=related
Comparing Speeds
Look at this video and compare the speeds of the two horses while they race.
c&feature=related

11. Displaying Data About Speed
When displaying data about speed, it best to organize the information into either a table or a bar graph. Check out the table and bar graph below.
Table/Chart Example Bar Graph Example

12. Displaying Data About Speed
What type of data does the bar graph below display?

13. Displaying Data About Speed
What type of data does the chart below display?

14. Review Time

15. Review Questions
What are the 2 measurements you need to find the average speed of something?
Explain the difference between motion and position.
Some things such as you nose, do not change ____, while others, such as cars do change.
How is a bar graph different from a data table?
Define speed.
Share with a partner one thing you learned today.

16. How do forces affect motion?
Lesson 2:
Vocabulary Words
velocity
acceleration
force
inertia
Glencoe Physical Science

17. Velocity
Velocity is the speed and the direction of an object. When the speed and direction of two objects are the same their velocity is the same.

18. What the velocity?
If a train is going 55 miles per hour, traveling east. What the velocity? The velocity is 55 miles per hour, east.
If a rocket is going 115
miles per hour, traveling
north. What the velocity?
The velocity is 115 miles per hour, north.

19. Changing Velocity
Objects stop and start. They slow down and speed up. They turn. These are examples of acceleration.
Acceleration is any change in speed or the direction of an object in motion.
changing direction
changing speed

20. Force and Acceleration
more force = more acceleration
Pushes and pulls are forces. Forces can change an object’s speed or direction. Forces can change an object’s acceleration. The direction an object moves depends on the direction of the force.

21. Mass and Acceleration Which is easier to push? OR
A bike of course, that’s because a car has more mass. It takes more force to change the speed or direction of an object with a large mass than one with a small mass. The reason mass has an effect is called inertia.

22. Let’s Watch a Video on Inertia
Mass and Acceleration
Let’s Watch a Video on Inertia
Study Jams
ms/jams/science/forces-and- motion/inertia.htm

23. Mass and Acceleration
Inertia is a property of matter that keeps an object from changing speed or direction unless a force acts on it.
The more mass an
object has, the more
inertia it has.

24. Review Time

25. Review Questions
What 2 things do you need to know in order to find the velocity?
Explain the difference between acceleration and force.
Both ____ and ____ depend on mass.
What causes an object’s speed or direction to change?
Define momentum.
Share with a partner one thing you learned about force and motion.

26. How does gravity affect motion?
Lesson 3:
Vocabulary Words
gravity
gravitation
weight
friction

27. Natural Forces
You use natural forces all the time. When you walk, you use the force of your muscles. You use the forces of magnets and electricity in machines.

28. Gravity
Gravity is the force that pulls you toward Earth. It is an example of gravitation. Gravitation is a force that acts between all objects.

29. Gravity
Gravity is the force that pulls you toward Earth. It is an example of gravitation. Gravitation is a force that acts between all objects.
Sir Isaac Newton

30. Gravity
Without gravity, we would not be able to walk on the ground as we do. We would float like these people. Check out the water!

31. Weight Weight is the force of gravitation that pulls on an object.
You measure weight in newtons (N) using a scale.
1 newton = weight of an
Weight is the force of gravitation that pulls on an object.

32. Weight Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
You measure mass on a balance. The unit of mass is the gram. (g)
Mass is the amount of matter in an object.

33. Friction
Friction is the force against two things that rub against each other.
Fiction can slow down and stop the motion of things that touch each other. Friction also makes heat.

34. Friction Which pictures are showing friction being used?
1.man sleeping rubbing hands together

35. Friction Which pictures are showing friction being used?
3. car tire spinning skating on the street

36. Review Time

37. Review Questions Gravity, gravitation, and friction are ______.
Explain gravitation.
_____ opposes motion between touching objects.
How is mass different from weight?
Define friction.
How do we use natural forces everyday?
Share with a partner one thing you learned about force and motion.