1. Imperialism in Southeast Asia

2. Main Idea: Demand for Asian products drove Western imperialists to seek possession of Southeast Asian lands. Why it matters now: Southeast Asian independence struggles in the 20th century have their roots in this period of imperialism.

3. Pacific Rim Countries that border the Pacific ocean
Westerners wanted these lands for strategic locations along the sea route to China
Sources of tropical agriculture, minerals, and oil
Perfect for plantation agriculture
Sugar cane, coffee, cocoa, rubber, coconuts, bananas and pineapple

4. Dutch
Dutch East India Company ruled over the island chain of Indonesia (Dutch East Indies)
Management of trade and plantations brought the Dutch population to Indonesia
Created a rigid class system
Dutch
Indonesians
Plantations workers

5. British Wanted a stop for ships traveling India-China sea routes
Singapore- one of the worlds busiest ports
Burma
Malaysia- large deposits of tin and rubber
Encouraged Chinese to immigrate and work there
Conflicts and Malay minority

6. French
7 missionaries killed there and church officials and capitalists wanted military intervention
Invaded south Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and Northern Vietnam (French Indochina)
Direct control
Rice production 4x bigger
Set the stage for Vietnamese resistance to French

7. Colonial Impact Economies grew
Roads, harbors, and railway systems improved
Communication /transportation for European business
Education, health, and sanitation improved
Millions migrated to southeast Asia
Melting pot for Hindus, Muslims, Christians, and Buddists

8. Siam Present day Thailand remained independent
In between British Burma and French Indochina
Siamese kings promoted neutrality
Modernized under king Mongkut
Schools, reformed legal system, reorganized government, railroads, telegraphs, ended slavery
People could avoid the turmoil other countries faced.
Siam

9. U.S. Imperialism
Thought it should fulfill its destiny as a world power and open new markets for trade
Wanted to “Christianize” the Philippines
Nationalist groups declared independence and established the Philippine Republic
U.S. beat nationalists and promised to prepare them for self rule
Roads, railways, hospitals, school systems

10. Hawaii becomes a Republic
Americans established sugar cane plantations
75% of Hawaii’s wealth
American planters gained political power
McKinley Tariff Act
Eliminated tariff on sugar
Planters wanted to annex Hawaii
Queen Liluokalani
Called for a new constitution to gain more power
Businessmen hatched a plot to overthrow her
1898 Cleveland annexed Hawaii
Hawaii becomes a Republic