1. U.S. History – 1587 - 1770 Chapter 4: Colonial America Lesson 3: The Middle Colonies

2. Section 3-Polling Question
If you were given the gift of a large sum of money, how likely would you be to share it with your friends and family?
A. Very likely
B. Somewhat likely
C. Somewhat unlikely
D. Very unlikely A B C D

3. How did the Middle Colonies develop?
Essential Question
H o w d i d t h e M i d d l e C o l o n i e s d e v e l o p ?
How did the Middle Colonies develop?

4. English Colonies in America
1660- England had two clusters of colonies in what is now the United States
In the North were Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island

5. English Colonies in America
In the South were Maryland and Virginia
Between the two groups of English colonies were lands the Dutch controlled

6. Dutch Colonies Called New Netherland
Main settlement was New Amsterdam, located on Manhattan Island
Had a good seaport
Became a center of shipping to and from the Americas

7. Dutch Colonies Dutch West India Company wanted more settlers
Offered large estates to anyone who could bring 50 settlers to work the land
The landowners who acquired these estates were called patroons

8. Dutch Colonies Patroons ruled like kings Had their own courts and laws
Settlers owed the patroon labor and a share of their crops

9. England Takes Over England wanted to acquire the Dutch Colony
Because of its harbor and trade
1664- England sent a fleet to attack New Amsterdam

10. England Takes Over Peter Stuyvesant was the governor
He was unprepared for battle and surrendered the colony to the English

11. England Takes Over
King Charles II gave the colony to his brother, the Duke of York, who renamed it New York
It was a proprietary colony
A colony in which the owner, or proprietor, owned all the land and controlled the government
Different from the New England colonies, where voters elected the governor and an assembly

12. England Takes Over
Not until 1691 did the English government allow citizens of New York elect their legislature

13. The Population of New York
New York continued to prosper under English control
Had a diverse population
Dutch, German, Swedish, and Native American

14. The Population of New York
1664- New York had about 8,000 inhabitants
Including at least 300 enslaved Africans
Population was about 12,000 people

15. In which colony did the first Jews settle in America? A. New Jersey
Section 3
In which colony did the first Jews settle in America?
A. New Jersey
B. Virginia
C. Maryland
D. New York A B C D

16. New Jersey
Duke of York gave the southern part of his colony to Lord John Berkeley and Sir John Carteret
Named it New Jersey after the island of Jersey in the English Channel (Carteret was born there)

17. New Jersey
To attract settlers, they offered large areas of land and freedom of religion
Also trial by jury and representative assembly
The Assembly would make the local laws and set tax rates

18. The Population of New Jersey
A place of ethnic and religious diversity
Had no natural harbors so it did not develop a major port or city like New York
The proprietors made few profits
By 1702 New Jersey had returned to the king, becoming a royal colony
Colonists continued to make local laws

19. Pennsylvania
King Charles II gave land to William Penn to pay off a debt
Named it Pennsylvania and was nearly as large as England

20. Pennsylvania Penn saw this as a “holy experiment”
A chance to put his Quaker ideals into practice
The Quakers, or Society of Friends believed that everyone was equal
People could follow their “inner light” to salvation
They did not need a clergy to guide them
Quakers were pacifists, people who refuse to use force or to fight in wars
They were persecuted in England

21. Penn in Pennsylvania
1682- Penn supervised the building of Philadelphia, the “city of brotherly love”
Penn designed the city and wrote their first constitution

22. Penn in Pennsylvania
Penn believed the land belonged to the Native Americans and that settlers should pay for it
He negotiated several treaties with local Native Americans

23. Section 3
Whom did William Penn believe rightfully owned the land where he planned to build Philadelphia?
A. The English
B. The Dutch
C. The Native Americans
D. The Swedes A B C D

24. The Population of Pennsylvania
1683- There were more than 3,000 English, Welsh, Dutch, and German settlers
1701, Charter of Liberties allowed colonists to elect representatives to the legislature

25. The Population of Pennsylvania
Swedes settled southern Pennsylvania
The Charter of Privileges allowed them to form their own legislature
They then functioned, or operated, as a separate colony known as Delaware under Pennsylvania’s governor

27. How did the Middle Colonies develop?
New York: Thriving Dutch colony seized by English; major port, proprietary colony; diverse population
New Jersey: piece of New York given to other proprietors; land and freedoms offered to attract settlers; diverse population; lacked major port so less profitable; became a royal colony
Pennsylvania: established under Quaker ideals; welcomed diverse immigrants; constitution; elected legislature
Delaware: lower part of Pennsylvania settled by the Swedes; allowed to function as a separate colony
Essential Question
H o w d i d t h e M i d d l e C o l o n i e s d e v e l o p ?

28. Chapter 4 Section 3 Quiz

29. Which of the following was originally a Dutch colony?
New Jersey
Rhode Island
Philadelphia
New York City

30. Which of the following was named after an island in the English Channel?
Pennsylvania
Delaware
New Jersey
New Amsterdam

31. America's first town planner was
William Penn.
Peter Stuyvesant.
Oliver Cromwell.
Sir George Carteret.

32. Which document granted the Pennsylvania colonists the right to elect representatives to the legislative assembly?
Charter of Colonists
Penn's Charter
Charter of Liberties
Charter of Pennsylvania

33. The Charter of Privileges allowed the lower counties of Pennsylvania to operate as a separate colony known as
Philadelphia.
New Amsterdam.
Southern Pennsylvania.
Delaware.

34. Struggle for power in England
The Puritan’s controlled Parliament
They struggled for power against King Charles I
1642 a Civil War began
Led by Oliver Cromwell, a Puritan, the Parliamentary forces defeated the king
Many Puritans returned to England to join the struggle
Charles I was beheaded in on charges of treason
A new government was created with Cromwell as Protector
When Cromwell died, Parliament restored the monarchy, but limited the kings power
Charles II became king in 1660, his reign was known as the Restoration